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                  <text>This collection of long-form reports by retired WIVB-TV Senior Correspondent Rich Newberg covers a wide range of social issues, Buffalo history and the arts. Mr. Newberg retired from the Buffalo CBS network affiliate at the end of 2015, after serving the station for thirty-seven years in various roles including main anchor, reporter and documentarian. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;His New York Emmy Award winning pieces explore the abortion debate, care of the mentally ill, the African American struggle for civil rights, and the lessons of the Holocaust, among many topics. His video memoir, “One Reporter’s Journey, “ reflects on his forty-six year career, beginning as an advocate for those without a voice. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"My hope," says Newberg, “is that this collection will provide a lasting chronicle of life and issues in Buffalo during the latter part of the 20th century and into the new millennium."</text>
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              <text>Terry Anderson, a journalist living in Beirut was abducted by the Islamic Jihad. They pushed Terry into the back of this green Mercedes and sped off.&#13;
&#13;
Anderson was the longest held of more than a dozen Western hostages in Lebanon.&#13;
&#13;
After nearly seven years in captivity in Beirut.&#13;
&#13;
He was a reporter who became part of the story he covered.&#13;
&#13;
I spent a year and a half solitary all together. It was the most difficult experience in my life. I almost went insane. Being held hostage and not being able to talk I discovered that I need people because we didn't know if we're gonna live&#13;
&#13;
1985 to 1991. I and others spent those years in damp, dirty basements and small cells. I find it difficult to keep my hopes and my courage high&#13;
&#13;
The last American to be free and sort of arrived with joyous welcome. Harry Anderson's exit marks the end of the American hostage ordeal in Lebanon.&#13;
&#13;
All of us had a lot of problems. One of them went into a mental hospital and never got out before he died. I no one that looked at his family and said I like anymore and went up in the mountains became a hermit until he died of cancer. We were all damaged in a lot of different ways. And my problem was I sounded good. And I convinced myself and everybody else and I wasn't. I've been married three times and divorced three times. But you know you asked me if I changed. I'll tell you. My answer to that is I don't know. Ask my ex wives. Am I a jerk because I'm a jerk or because I was a hostage? I can't tell anymore.&#13;
&#13;
I was very happy to get out but this was my homecoming. This is where my people are&#13;
&#13;
That was a great celebration when I came up. We were having a bad time in America. I kind of symbolized something good. I believed in what I was doing, and I still do. But I started teaching I didn't have any idea what I thought I know this stuff. I'll teach them and they'll listen and I always tell students if you don't really have a passion for it, if you don't think it's something you really have to do.&#13;
&#13;
Every year, dozens of journalists most donate their homes, underwritten. Fortunately, violence,&#13;
&#13;
This is the most dangerous period for journalism we've ever had a lot of foreign journalism as being done by what used to call freelancers, independent journalists. They don't have much support. My daughter was one of those independent journalists. It's dangerous. It's also important. Being involved with the Committee to Protect Journalists. That's one of the most important things that I do because I'm so passionate about journalism. One of my friends had a strength sense of humor when I came home he said to me: how does it feel to know that when you die, no matter when that is no matter what else you've done your obituary will read Terry Anderson former hostage. I've come to the point where that seven years is important to me, but it's part of my life. It's not who I am.&#13;
&#13;
It's hoped the end of the Gulf War will mean the end of captivity for Terry Anderson. The former Batavia resident is beginning his seventh year as a hostage in Lebanon tonight. Use for his rich Newberg within our nation's capitol today we're Anderson's family joined by other Western New Yorkers heard promises that Terry Anderson is not forgotten.&#13;
&#13;
When these Washington school children were just coming into the world or learning how to walk, Terry Anderson was taken hostage in Lebanon. His sister Peggy say has kept the torch of Hope burning since her brother disappeared six years ago. Today she was reassured that a political solution may be close at hand for the hostages.&#13;
&#13;
It will be an act of governments. We're closer now than surely we have ever been. Your government has not forgotten. Many.&#13;
&#13;
Former hostages placed yellow roses next to the names of those who have died at the hands of terrorists in Lebanon before the Desert Storm.&#13;
&#13;
A new world order that cannot happen as long as there are hostages anywhere in the Middle East.&#13;
&#13;
As the Dooleys of Buffalo made their plea to the captors, children marked the second two months of Terry Anderson's captivity. It is a haunting image that never lets go of those who have volunteered to help. There was a strong western New York presence here in Washington today measured in terms of personal commitment among those who made the journey here. I knew that if my brother was in this situation, I would want others to help me.&#13;
&#13;
Me to hear things like this and I just want to do all I can to support them&#13;
&#13;
Washington school children marched for the hostages today, while petitions from students at Union East Elementary and Cheektowaga. Were ready for delivery to President Bush and the torture of Hope continued to burn in Washington Rich Newberg News Four update&#13;
&#13;
Attention was punctuated by the beating of the helicopter blades thank you so you stared straight ahead showing little emotion until Terry Anderson emerged. Then with tears in her eyes. She rushed forward to embrace her brother. Flashing thumbs up thank you overworld for six and a half year mission was complete. As they walked toward the hospital entrance, Terry broke away to greet the tours of reporters and photographers, his colleagues, journalists thanking them personally for keeping the faith a wave to the crowd with six year old Sulamei by his side, the daughter he has never known.&#13;
&#13;
Then he emerged on the hospital balcony with fellow hostages Joseph Scipio and Alan Steen, all basking in the warmth of their newfound freedom. And despite the ordeal of six and a half years captivity, Anderson displayed the good humor and charm which provided so much comfort to the other hostages when they were being held. He had some fond thoughts for the people who kept vigil in his hometown of Batavia, New York&#13;
&#13;
I will be up there to see you soon I hope. I owe them a lot.&#13;
&#13;
Andy had high praise for the dog a determination of his sister and her global efforts to free up&#13;
&#13;
It's great to have a sister like that. &#13;
&#13;
Anderson is resting now he will undergo a battery of medical tests. But the people at the V's bought in the hospital who have seen many of the hostages come and go see Anderson looks surprisingly fit and well. Some describe them as being robust.&#13;
&#13;
The release of Terry Anderson from years of brutal captivity has brought a mood of jubilation to his hometown of Batavia. That's where rich Newberg joins us now for a live report, Rich?&#13;
&#13;
Thanks, Jackie and Kevin. There was some uncertainty here at the beginning of the day, but by day's end, Batavia breathed a collective sigh of relief and now if you follow the yellow ribbons on Main Street, they will lead you here to the engine house. restaurant, where a party is still going strong. Night Batavia celebrates a party six and three quarter years in the making.&#13;
&#13;
My feelings are just great. I've been jumping up and down all day long. I said I haven't even been able to do the things I'm supposed to do because I forgotten what that was.&#13;
&#13;
And everybody is just almost giddy. They're so happy to see how this person we can be so proud of him.&#13;
&#13;
A prayer service at the Salvation Army headquarters in Batavia brought people together for a more solemn reflection on the past six years and on the day when Terry Anderson was taken captive.&#13;
&#13;
Since that day, the people of this community have never given up hope. There has been a constant vigil of prayer surrounding Terry and his family and his loved ones. And today we gather in a day of celebration. Terry has been released.&#13;
&#13;
As Terry Anderson emerged from captivity and made his way from Lebanon to Syria, his relatives and key supporters here in Batavia were monitoring every move as the drama unfolded on television. Terry Anderson's videotaped appearance reading a message by his captors, gave his sister in law some reassurance that Terry was not only coherent, but apparently in good health. &#13;
&#13;
He looks healthy, feisty as ever. I fully expect that he's going to cope with everything that's coming his way.&#13;
&#13;
When live pictures of a free Terry Anderson were carried on network television. Terry's former high school classmate Steve Hawley was amazed at what he saw. &#13;
&#13;
I think he looks unbelievably good.&#13;
&#13;
It looks better than than any tape we've ever seen him use. It's got an unbelievably good sense of humor. He just said to somebody, you've had a wreck for seven years and I have and we know that's not true.&#13;
&#13;
They were personal, quiet statements made today by those who had to express themselves. The protective covering over the bust of Terry Anderson at the Genesee country mall was removed. So Peggy Says cousin Linda could place a yellow rose and a dog near Terry's hand and the chain that symbolized his captivity. And McDonald from Batavia Middle School, felt compelled to do something to express her joy. She was six years old when Terry Anderson was taken captive.&#13;
&#13;
And we're so happy he's out because I can just imagine how terrible it was for him over there.&#13;
&#13;
So it's party night in Batavia, also a night when people here are looking forward to the next step, a homecoming for Terry Anderson. You know, many of those who worked so hard to free Terry Anderson really never met the man and they are just waiting for the time when he comes back to Batavia the place that his sister in law said today, he still calls home.&#13;
&#13;
Rich, over the last six and a half years you have been down to the Batavia community many times covering different aspects of the story is the one word that you could use to describe the emotion tonight. Is it a collective sigh of Thank God it's over?&#13;
&#13;
Sure it is. It's relief, but Batavia of course has been put on the map nationally and perhaps even internationally and there's a I think a feeling of pride. I think that's the word I would use for Batavia tonight proud of Terry Anderson and the fact that he spent his boyhood right here in Batavia, New York.&#13;
&#13;
And Rich you've watched the transformation in that city today, haven't you? It's been six and a half years in the making for the celebration, but you've been there all day long and you must have been seeing signs and ribbons go up all day. &#13;
&#13;
Oh, yes, I was out there with the ribbons. Shoolchildren were putting up ribbons that that really was the lesson because these kids were just starting school when Terry Anderson was taken captive and they and they've learned the meaning of freedom over the years. And Terry Anderson represents to them. A symbol of hope and courage and now freedom.&#13;
&#13;
It'll be wonderful when they can break that chain on that piece of artwork at the mall down there.&#13;
&#13;
There'll be a great day and I hope she comes here soon.&#13;
&#13;
You've done a great job. Have a good night and thank you very much for the repack if&#13;
&#13;
you're watching WIVB TV&#13;
&#13;
News Four Buffalo with Bob Carroll Jimson meteorologist Chuck gurney and Van Miller with big board sports. This is News four and six. &#13;
&#13;
Better late than ever Jerry Anderson gets a pile of belated birthday wishes.&#13;
&#13;
Good evening, everyone. He took the Big Apple by storm on his us arrival.&#13;
&#13;
Tonight. Former hostage Terry Anderson is the star attraction in the nation's capital. As news force. Richard Newberg reports now it has been another day full of smiles and welcomes&#13;
&#13;
With his daughter and Sulamay's mother by his side. Terry Anderson was broken home to freedom with a ceremony featuring schoolchildren mocking each of Terry's seven birthdays that passed while he was in captivity.&#13;
&#13;
And children. Let's hear it.&#13;
&#13;
It was a moving ceremony but not without its lighter moments. from our Washington Redskins kicker Mark Mosley presented Terry Anderson with a team chiding him about being from the Buffalo area and supporting the Buffalo Bills&#13;
&#13;
I put my autograph on this ball but this year's and I have to say this was tongue in cheek as Terry is a Buffalo Bill fan, but this year is coming Superbowl fans but I really feel it's probably gonna be between the Washington Redskins and the Buffalo Bills and we'll have to wait and see the TV. &#13;
&#13;
Peggy Say says she relied on moral support from Western New Yorkers who had joined her in Washington.&#13;
&#13;
Well, Batavia and thank you for all the support. We'll see you down the line.&#13;
&#13;
Terry Anderson has said he wants to get on with his life. He still said he was overwhelmed with his Washington welcome. But on a political note, I asked the former hostage what he would tell President Bush at a meeting later in the day. &#13;
&#13;
What I said before I think he got it right I think he did the right thing. It took a long time. It was frustrating to enormously difficult and complex question. But all the Americans are free now.&#13;
&#13;
And then in between the President and several of the former hostages gave the chief executive a chance to reflect on the impact of the past three and a quarter years. Your&#13;
light on the simple truth that days and years apart. burn away the trivial things we once thought had value to reveal what truly matters in life, family, faith, hope and love.&#13;
&#13;
Now, in just a few minutes, the President with some of the former hostages present will light the National Christmas Tree. And Bob and Carol I guess it's worth noting that this will be the first time in eight Christmases that no American is being held captive in Lebanon.&#13;
&#13;
It's good to see him there at the White House. Rich I saw him in baseball and you've seen them now in Washington. Do you get the impression they just want to get these welcome homes behind them and actually get home.&#13;
&#13;
He's a very gracious man but through the smiles and his moves are starting to feel a little lumbering as he as he moves he can tell he's strained a little bit. Doesn't want to answer any more questions. You had trouble with my question. Didn't want to really answer it. But he is always gracious. He is a wonder with a crowd. Whether it's one on one or with a crowd. He's something and to be in his presence was really an honor today.&#13;
&#13;
Okay, Rich Newberg reporting live from Washington, DC. Thanks very much.&#13;
&#13;
Well, he was held hostage for years in Lebanon some two decades ago. And now news four's Michelle McClintock reports. Former AP Middle East correspondent Terry Anderson is bringing a message of peace and freedom to his hometown of Batavia.&#13;
&#13;
It's hard to believe it was over 25 years ago that Terry Anderson was captured in Lebanon in 1985. Western New Yorkers became very familiar with his story because Anderson is originally from Batavia. His sister Peggy se worked tirelessly for six and a half years to free her brother from the hands of Hezbollah Shiite militants to be released several times over the past two years. The former Mideast correspondent for the AP was held captive for seven years in the Middle East. Anderson says the current turmoil in the region is evidence that people there are yearning for freedom.&#13;
&#13;
I think it is particularly poignant. Right at the moment after you watch the 85 million Egyptians stand up in peace, to claim their freedom.&#13;
&#13;
Anderson is on the Committee to Protect Journalists, an organization that monitors attacks on the press. Ironically, Lara Logan is on the board of directors. She's the CBS News correspondent who was brutally attacked last week in Cairo.&#13;
&#13;
They burned Al Jezerra's office, they confiscated their equipment. They beaten the rest of journalists. Why? Because they knew as long as those journalists were free and telling the story that people were gonna win.&#13;
&#13;
Anderson says he doesn't miss reporting. He says he has a greater mission now to promote peace. That's why he's back here in Batavia. A new peace garden will be planted here to commemorate the bicentennial of the War of 1812. And as he looks back to the Middle East, Anderson says he's hopeful for peace and a region so badly in need of freedom. Michelle McClintock for the 10 O'Clock News.&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>Terry Anderson, who grew up in Batavia, New York, was abducted by Hezbollah militants in Beirut, Lebanon on March 16, 1985. He was serving as the Associated Press’ chief Middle East correspondent at the time he was taken hostage. &#13;
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Anderson was held for six years and nine months, the longest of a group of Americans taken hostage at the time. The abductions were an attempt to drive U.S. military forces from Lebanon during the Lebanese civil war. Anderson was released on December 4, 1991. &#13;
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From the time of his abduction, his sister Peggy Say worked tirelessly for his release. Her efforts were covered extensively by the Buffalo news media and often made national and world headlines. She was perhaps the most covered of all the hostages’ relatives. &#13;
&#13;
On December 4, 1991, Terry Anderson was finally released by his captors. His 2,455 days as a prisoner included about a year and a half in solitary confinement. WIVB-TV anchor, the late Bob Koop, traveled to Wiesbaden, Germany for Anderson’s first meeting with the press. His report includes Peggy Say’s joyful embrace of her brother, one of the most moving moments of his newly found freedom.  &#13;
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This series of reports begins with a CNN recap of Anderson’s ordeal and later life activities. A sequence of reports follows, beginning with the time leading up to his release, his reunion with his sister, first statements as a free man, reaction in Batavia, and finally, Anderson’s return to Batavia in 2011 while on a “mission of peace.” </text>
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                <text>On September 30, 1997, WIVB-TV created a mentoring program for high school students at the Herman Badillo Bilingual Academy in Buffalo. The goal was to initially expose them to the inner workings of a television newsroom and teach them the basics of broadcast journalism and production.&#13;
&#13;
News 4 anchor Rich Newberg and news photographer Tom Vetter conducted workshops with the final goal of creating a TV news magazine program called “The Badillo  Beat.” Fernando Correa, an 8th grade student who showed great potential in front of the camera, anchored the program, taking viewers into the heart of Buffalo’s Hispanic community. The purpose was to address important unresolved social issues.&#13;
&#13;
The items featured in this compilation include reports on &#13;
what transpired during the course of the project and the student produced program that was presented to the school on June 23, 1998.&#13;
&#13;
Buffalo mayor Anthony Masiello had praised the initiative, telling students at the partnership signing ceremony that they were being given “an opportunity to  grow” at a time when “communications is everything.” &#13;
He said, “We live in an international marketplace. By the time you are adults, we’ll be communicating with all parts of the world every single day visa-a-vis TV and journalism, computers and telecommunications.” &#13;
&#13;
The Herman Badillo Bilingual Academy already had facilities and equipment used to videotape important school events. Rich Newberg told them that having entry into a television station and a professional newsroom could be a major step toward a career in broadcast journalism. However, he cautioned them that, “Unless you go for it, unless you want want it badly enough and work for it, it is not going to come to you. All we can offer you is the opportunity to see what television is all about.”</text>
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                <text>“Love is Stronger than Pain” is the title of Michael O’Brien’s book memorializing the legacy of his mother, Irene Corcoran O’Brien. She lived a life of daily sacrifice, tending to the critical needs of two of her children stricken with a rare, debilitating, painful disease which causes blistering of the skin and deformities. Her faith and unconditional love of John and Maureen enabled them to experience joy in life and inspire others to do the same.&#13;
&#13;
WIVB-TV’s Rich Newberg covered the O’Brien story for years, &#13;
capturing the spirit of John, who honored the wish of his late sister and helped raise funds for a play about her life. “Hit Me Again” was in presented in Buffalo in April 1991. &#13;
&#13;
John died in 1992 at the age of 39. He was the oldest survivor of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Maureen was 27 when she passed away in 1984. She died as her mother was changing here dressings. Both brother and sister appeared much older than their years. At John’s funeral it was said by his brothers that “he made friends out of strangers and family out of friends.”&#13;
&#13;
The series of reports ends with the tribute to Irene. Newberg interviews Michael who recalls Mother Theresa giving Irene her rosary. There is a scene of the brother and sister in the audience during Mother Theresa’s presentation at Niagara University. Speaking of his mother’s spirit, Michael says, “It was genuine humility…” He added, “She just thought that she was fulfilling God’s will and purpose for her life.” &#13;
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                <text>1991</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Copyright held by WIVB-TV. Access to this digital version provided by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Videos or images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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                <text>01:05:26</text>
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                <text>Victims of Addiction</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In an effort to better understand the nature of addiction, WIVB-TV reporter Rich Newberg presents a series of reports featuring addicts speaking intimately about their drug habits and how their lives are controlled by substance abuse. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;Out of Control&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;(:00 - 8:38) Air Date: June 29, 1989&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;These reports by Rich Newberg and Mike Mombrea, Jr. are unique in that some addicts allow themselves to be recorded as the illicit drugs enter their bloodstreams and take effect. The viewer learns first hand why it is so difficult for these individuals to straighten out their lives. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Delving even further into the dark side of drug abuse, Newberg and Mombrea record addicts Julie and Randy as they suffer through the pain of withdrawal. They are documented desperately seek help at the county hospital only to be told they must come back in two days because there are no beds available.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;During their two day ordeal, Julie and Randy turn to alcohol in an attempt to steady their nerves. They also take part in a group therapy session, candidly sharing the feelings they are  experiencing. They long for “a nice, healthy, normal life.” Two weeks after detoxification, the couple appears to be energized and eager to continue on the road to recovery. They are determined to beat the odds, which are generally against addicts leaving detox centers. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;Living on Drug Row&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;(8:45 - 19:09)  Air Dates: May 9, 10, 11, 1989&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Reporter Rich Newberg and photographer Scott Alexander explore the ease in which heroin and cocaine are obtainable within Buffalo’s inner city. Citizens bemoan the fact that when a low level dealer is arrested, another fills his place almost immediately.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Drug abuse is so prevalent in the city’s housing projects, that children are exposed to hypodermic needles where they play.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;We meet two five year old girls whose mothers are deeply concerned that their daughters might suffer long term effects due to their contact with discarded needles. One child drank the contents of a syringe. The other girl pricked her finger on a needle. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;A cocaine dealer speaking candidly says five thousand dollars a day can be made on the streets. He adds that “young kids” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;are recruited to sell because there is less risk to the dealer. He claims it is easy for those arrested to “beat” the family court system. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;Saving the Kids&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;(19:15 - 23:08) November 15, 1989&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;A shortage of long-term drug treatment centers and clinics in Western New York requires families of means to send their addicted children out of the region for help. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Rich Newberg presents the case of Matthew, outwardly the “All American Boy” from suburban Amherst, New York, who hid his drug problems from his loved ones until he became alienated from his family. Matthew attended one of the area’s most highly rated high schools, but disclosed that drug abuse “before, during, and after school” was a hidden but festering problem. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Matthew’s father was in denial until his son completely cut himself off from the family. Matthew, along with about a dozen other Amherst children who were abusing drugs, became enrolled in the Straight Program in Plymouth, Michigan. The success rate is seventy-five percent and relies on a combination of rigid exercise and an open sharing of feelings to wean teenagers off of drugs. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Matthew’s program lasted twenty-two months and cost $12,000 dollars. Most of the drug treatment programs in the Buffalo area at the time lasted twenty-eight days. While programs like the one in Plymouth offered hope to upscale families who could afford the tuition, there appeared to be a sense of hopelessness in the inner city, where drug dealers ruled the streets and controlled the lives of those who became dependent on them to feed their addictions.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>1989-11-15</text>
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                  <text>This collection of long-form reports by retired WIVB-TV Senior Correspondent Rich Newberg covers a wide range of social issues, Buffalo history and the arts. Mr. Newberg retired from the Buffalo CBS network affiliate at the end of 2015, after serving the station for thirty-seven years in various roles including main anchor, reporter and documentarian. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;His New York Emmy Award winning pieces explore the abortion debate, care of the mentally ill, the African American struggle for civil rights, and the lessons of the Holocaust, among many topics. His video memoir, “One Reporter’s Journey, “ reflects on his forty-six year career, beginning as an advocate for those without a voice. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"My hope," says Newberg, “is that this collection will provide a lasting chronicle of life and issues in Buffalo during the latter part of the 20th century and into the new millennium."</text>
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                <text>Crisis at West Valley 1 : Overview</text>
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                <text>Newberg, Rich (Reporter)</text>
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                <text>This series of reports deals with the challenges involved in cleaning up one of Western New York’s most toxic hot spots, located in West Valley, about thirty miles south of Buffalo. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Initial projections for the cleanup of radioactive waste pegged costs at $235 million dollars. The project, it was thought, would take seventeen years to complete. By 2018 the amount spent totaled $2.3 billion dollars. The full cleanup price tag could be in the range of $10 billion dollars, according to earlier estimates by the U.S. Department of Energy.  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 2020, forty years after the site was declared a National Demonstration Project, efforts were still underway to dismantle and remove the remaining contaminated buildings still standing on the site. Other efforts were focused on either dismantling and removing radioactive waste material from burial and storage areas or making them more secure. Environmental watchdog groups continue to raise serious questions about public safety and health.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;WIVB-TV, the CBS affiliate in Buffalo, closely covered the West Valley story and presented many reports that focused on the grassroots efforts that helped shape the massive cleanup project. The movement grew in intensity as New York State and the federal government considered proposals to accept more nuclear waste at the site. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This overview is the first of five groups of television news reports, videos, and films documenting the political, economic, and social processes that led to a forty-year cleanup effort that is still in progress. The multi-billion-dollar undertaking continues to serve as a national demonstration project. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The reports and summaries that follow are compiled by WIVB-TV senior correspondent (ret.) Rich Newberg. He played a major role in covering initial events as they unfolded in the early 1980s. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Overview Summary: (1979 - 2020) &lt;/strong&gt;                &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1. &lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;The Nuclear Waste Challenge &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;CBS report by Robert Schackne lays out the challenge: 1979&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“Some 600,000 gallons of lethally radioactive liquid waste that must be disposed of by a technology that has never been developed.” &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2. &lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;Migrating Radioactive Waste&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;WIVB-TV report by Rich Newberg: 1982&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sand “lenses” in trenches containing low level nuclear waste provide paths for migration of contaminated rain water. Sierra Club issues a warning that the “flaky” bedrock is not a suitable barrier.  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;3. &lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;Lessons Learned the Hard Way&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Reports by WIS-TV, Columbia South Carolina: 1983 &lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Problems at West Valley lead to a rethinking of plans to activate a similar privately-owed nuclear reprocessing plant in Barnwell, South Carolina.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;4. &lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;Who Would Accept Radioactive Waste?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;CBS report by Bill Curtis: 1982&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The small Texas Town of Tulia considers accepting radioactive waste from sites such as West Valley. Tulia sits on top of one of the biggest salt beds in the country. Salt beds are one of three geological formations deemed suitable by the federal government to store radioactive waste. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;5. &lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;West Valley Chosen for a National Demonstration Project (1980)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;WIVB-TV Report by Allen Costantini: 1982&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ten years after Nuclear Fuel Services stopped operations at West Valley, control of the site is turned over to the state and federal governments and the Westinghouse Corporation. Westinghouse is the primary contractor hired to clean up the site at West Valley. The 600,000 gallons of high-level liquid waste is to be solidified into a glasslike substance and then moved to a secure storage outside of the region.&lt;br /&gt;            &lt;br /&gt;6. &lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;Entering the First Radioactive Cell for Testing&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;WIVB-TV Report by Rich Newberg: 1983&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Rich Newberg and photographer Jay Lauder cover the first tests conducted by Westinghouse experts inside a radioactive cell where uranium was extracted from spent fuel rods. The tests would help establish the best techniques for preparing the facility for the task of solidifying the high-level liquid radioactive waste. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;7. &lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;Storing the High Level Radioactive Waste&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Video by CHBWV West Valley Decommissioning Team: 2015&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The West Valley Demonstration project becomes the first site in U.S. history to place high level radioactive waste into long term outdoor storage. This video traces the history of the nation’s first and only commercial nuclear fuel reprocessing plant and the enormous task of cleaning up the waste it generated during its six year run, from 1966 to 1972. (see West Valley File 5 of 5 in this collection for present and future safety concerns.)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;West Valley is located In the Cattaraugus County Town of Ashford. It is here where Nuclear Fuel Services once served as the nation’s only commercial plant that reprocessed spent nuclear fuel rods used to produce atomic energy. The rods contained plutonium and uranium which could be recovered for reuse. The first rods were delivered to the plant in 1966, but when federal regulations toughened, the costs were deemed too much to bare. The plant closed in 1972.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The entire site initially became the responsibility of the state of New York. In 1961 the state had bought and leased 3,300 acres of West Valley land for atomic industrial use. The plant was first owned by a subsidiary of the W.R. Grace Company, which later sold the operation to Getty Oil. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Cleanup Challenge&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hundreds of thousands of gallons of high-level radioactive liquid waste needed to be removed from underground steel storage tanks located on an eight-acre burial ground site. Another fifteen acres of burial land is also of major concern because it served as one of the nation’s six commercial burial grounds for radioactive waste. The material was buried in unlined soil trenches and included at least fourteen pounds of plutonium. Yet another burial site contained waste from the reprocessing operations at West Valley, including damaged irradiated fuel. This waste was buried in fifty-foot-deep holes.  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Environmental activists, scientists from the Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, and professors from the University at Buffalo pointed out that the trenches were geologically unstable, and that ground water could be contaminated and migrate from the site. In addition, the area is situated on a fault line and is potentially susceptible to earthquakes. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A group called The Coalition on West Valley Nuclear Wastes was formed in 1974. Some of its members specialized in technical aspects of radioactive waste disposal and health effects of radiation. The Coalition began putting pressure on the state and federal governments to have the West Valley site stabilized and cleaned up. It also fought against proposals to have additional nuclear waste material brought to the site for burial, incineration, other waste processing, or disposal. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Coalition played a major role in the creation of the West Valley Demonstration Project Act which was signed into law by President Jimmy Carter in 1980. It gave the U.S. Department of Energy the responsibility to solidify the high-level waste. It also granted the D.O.E.  the authority to address the issues involved in decontaminating and decommissioning the facilities. West Valley is believed to be the only radioactive waste site in the country with its own act of Congress.  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1982, the federal government took control of two hundred acres at the West Valley site, including the underground high level radioactive waste tanks, the high level waste burial grounds, and the contaminated buildings where nuclear fuel rods had been reprocessed. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1985 Congress required states to assume responsibility for the storage and management of what it termed “low level” radioactive waste generated within their borders. Watchdog groups say much of this waste is “high level” and dangerous. At West Valley, New York State maintains control over the fifteen acres of “low level” burial grounds mentioned above. This area had closed in 1975 after radioactive water had filtered through an inadequate landfill cap and found its way into surrounding streams that eventually drain into Lake Erie.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The greatest challenge to the federal government was finding a company that was capable of turning the liquid high level waste into a solid and more stable material for storage. Between 1996 and 2002, Westinghouse removed most of the high level liquid waste from the underground tanks and converted it into glass logs. It used a process known as vitrification. 275 intensely radioactive logs were formed and initially stored deep in the bowels of the reprocessing building, which helped provide shielding from the radioactivity.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 2011, the U.S. Department of Energy selected the company that goes by the name CH2M HILL BWXT West Valley, LLC as its contractor. Its tasks were to secure the storage of the high-level waste and to demolish the closed radioactive buildings and the underground piping. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In order to secure the storage of what came out of the underground tanks, 275 stainless steel canisters containing the vitrified waste were placed in steel-lined giant concrete storage casks, each weighing 87 1/2 tons.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A 16,000 square foot reinforced concrete storage pad now holds 56 casks for what is termed “long term passive storage.” The casks are certified to hold the high-level waste for fifty years. Since there is no designated national repository for high level nuclear waste, the material must remain on the grounds of the West Valley site, at least for now.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A coalition of radioactive waste experts and concerned citizens prevented more waste from coming into West Valley and has been providing oversight of cleanup efforts since the late 1970s. As final decisions for the site are expected to be made by 2022 or 2023, critical issues of health and safety continue to be raised by these citizen watchdogs. (See File 5 of 5 in this collection for detailed concerns involving air and water contamination.)&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;In May 2020, the U.S. Department of Energy said its Office of Environmental Management “is continuing to make safe and steady progress with decommissioning activities at the West Valley Demonstration Project. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;With regard to ongoing concerns by citizen watchdog groups, the DOE statement reads, “The goal of the extensive demolition activity air and radiation monitoring program is to detect any change in radiological conditions, so that work can be slowed, modified, or even stopped to protect employees, general public and the environment.  The work is carefully planned and carried out such that all contamination is controlled within the boundaries of the demolition area. (See File 5 of 5 in this collection for the full statement by the U.S. Department of Energy.)</text>
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                <text>Murphy, Kurt (WIVB-TV Graphic Arts Director) </text>
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                <text>Resnikoff, Marvin (Nuclear Physicist) </text>
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                <text>Hameister, Joanne (The Coalition on West Valley Nuclear Wastes) </text>
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                <text>Vaughan, Ray (The Coalition on West Valley Nuclear Wastes)</text>
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                <text>Shepp, Amanda (Coordinator of Special Collections &amp; Archives, SUNY Fredonia) </text>
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                <text>Pillittere, Joe (Communications Manager for West Valley contractor)</text>
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                <text>1979 - 2020</text>
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(publisher of digital)</text>
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                <text>Copyright held by WIVB-TV. Access to this digital version provided by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Videos or images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of WIVB-TV and the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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                  <text>This collection of long-form reports by retired WIVB-TV Senior Correspondent Rich Newberg covers a wide range of social issues, Buffalo history and the arts. Mr. Newberg retired from the Buffalo CBS network affiliate at the end of 2015, after serving the station for thirty-seven years in various roles including main anchor, reporter and documentarian. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;His New York Emmy Award winning pieces explore the abortion debate, care of the mentally ill, the African American struggle for civil rights, and the lessons of the Holocaust, among many topics. His video memoir, “One Reporter’s Journey, “ reflects on his forty-six year career, beginning as an advocate for those without a voice. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"My hope," says Newberg, “is that this collection will provide a lasting chronicle of life and issues in Buffalo during the latter part of the 20th century and into the new millennium."</text>
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              <text>Under any other circumstances could be fun. Moving when you're forced to is painful.&#13;
&#13;
I love my house and this is tearing me up. I'm leaving this here on the street. Line Oh, somehow, some way. Maybe they'll just move her home. There's so many people here they feel like we do we don't know just leave her here.&#13;
&#13;
The families who have been forced to evacuate are being asked to throw away perishable food. The CO owners of the pine Plaza superduper are donating $1,000 to help replace some of those items.&#13;
&#13;
We're concentrating mainly on milk and cheese and bread and butter items that may have been contaminated. And we're giving $30 gift certificates to all those that are moving to the first 39 that are being relocated.&#13;
&#13;
The names of families with pregnant women and young children living outside the borders of the Love Canal have also been taken. Their situations will be reviewed later for a possible evacuation help. This has created resentment among some families living with a loved canal in their backyards, but whose children are older.&#13;
&#13;
I don't want to be here. I don't want to breathe all that air. I'm sick, and I don't think it's fair. I've got it in my backyard. What about my three children?&#13;
&#13;
Anyone and everyone however, is eligible for blood testing the lines were long today, tests are looking for possible leukemias, anemias and liver disorders. In the meantime, workmen were also busy today putting up a snow fence around the contaminated 99th Street School. A chain link fence will be installed later. A chain link fence will also be installed here around the Love Canal area. These warning signs apparently haven't been doing much good as evidenced by numerous footprints seen across the field on the other side of this fence last week. And that was way in advance of the tour over the weekend by state and federal officials here are we Bryce news for Niagara Falls&#13;
&#13;
We like the home so well. So we decided we're going to take it with us.&#13;
&#13;
The groans and squeaks today we're coming from this house workman methodically What about their task of jacking it up and pulling it apart? At its seams? Are you convinced it's safe for your children?&#13;
&#13;
Yes, yes. We've had three tests taken on it as far as you know being contaminated. And it is clean. There's no contamination at all as far as the chemicals go.&#13;
&#13;
It represents a lot of hard work money and there's a lot of fond memories here and we didn't want to get out of Love Canal. We've got to settle for something less and financially we had to do it.&#13;
&#13;
The highest earners are one of several 100 families whose houses sat adjacent to the canal. The state bought it for $33,000 They bought it back for salvage at $2,500. The two halves will be made whole again blocks away in an area considered safe. Tom Eisner took one final look today at the chemicals which had seeped into his basement. &#13;
&#13;
For days more crew had their job cut out for them tedious work. Each move was carefully calculated and then carried out. The result? Mission accomplished.&#13;
&#13;
News Four Niagara Falls.&#13;
&#13;
Niagara Falls and school officials are quietly gathering information to prepare for expected lawsuits and news for is learned that city manager Donald O'Hara has written a letter to state officials expressing his concern about the lack of speed in getting on with the cleanup. Another person who is concerned is Maria Pozniak, who lives just 100 yards outside the designated danger area. Her eight year old asthmatic daughter has been taken from the area to stay in a hotel with her mother and her condition once away from the canal area is improved, Mrs. Pozniak says but the cost of living away from their home is being borne by the positive acts and attempts to get help from the state and but nothing but red tape. And still today, homeowners association president Lois Gibbs was talking about her displeasure with a lack of anything new and last night's meeting.&#13;
&#13;
I think it was basically just a rehash again, they didn't even go into the safety plan to any extent which I thought they were going to do. But we still stand the same. I don't think they'll start. I know they won't start to work on October because of if they avoid us as far as letting us okay the plans then we have a lawyer who will back us up and put an injunction on the work &#13;
&#13;
Well, you might approve the plan that would allow it to start October 10?&#13;
&#13;
Not until we get a lot of answers to a lot of questions that they've been avoiding giving us like the contents of the canal, the perimeters of the canal.&#13;
&#13;
The governor has said that your group will have the right to veto if you do not approve the safety plan that is finally presented. &#13;
&#13;
That's right. He's assured us of that twice. And we're holding him to it.&#13;
&#13;
Mr. Urban has severe malformation in his leg and he has severe eye problems with one eye and we believe this is a result of contamination by chemicals.&#13;
&#13;
How many people do you represent?&#13;
&#13;
I really don't want to get into the number of people I represent there-- I'm more than Mr. Irvin the purpose of selecting Mr. Irvin was just to have one person go through a multitude of preliminary hearings.&#13;
&#13;
Do all your clients, however, allegedly basically the same thing, some type of physical ailment?&#13;
&#13;
That's right not that they are all the same. There are different physical injuries that we've claimed that are related to it, but they're not all the same by any stretch of the imagination. There are women that have had miscarriages or people with renal problems. They're varied.&#13;
&#13;
I think that my charge now should go right to the country and this by this I mean, that the United States Army knew what was in that canal and still they let them children go to that school. They let citizens build homes over here. And now that we have a problem? That we do have acts and I think that we should have immediately I think the people of the City of Niagara Falls to support the situation in a crisis of toxic chemicals around a 93rd street and work our way right up town. That's how I feel about it.&#13;
&#13;
We nervous wrecks we had and I have nightmares. We are afraidto go back to our homes. We don't know what's going to happen to us. The kids are blaming us Why are you keeping us here in this contaminated hell? We want to move out and we keep saying it will be soon just have patience. And something's going to happen pretty soon. And they're angry and mad and they they just can't take it no more. &#13;
&#13;
The cruel and inhumane treatment of the Love Canal residents have to be addressed now by a massive outpouring of sympathy for the people there and expressions to their legislators and in particular to Governor Hugh Carey. We've invited Hugh Carey to be with us to join the legislators and the families to go to the tour. Of the Love Canal with Jane Fonda and Tom Hayden. It's important day we expect the community to rally in support of the families there.&#13;
&#13;
On October 4 1979, actress and activist Jane Fonda and husband Tom hate, hate a visit to the Love Canal neighbor to lend their support.&#13;
&#13;
This is a tragedy of such immense human proportions that it's very difficult to talk we've had a short bus ride while we have an opportunity to talk to some of the people in some detail about what they've gone through. The children they've lost the miscarriages, the husbands, they lost, how their lives have been torn off. It's unbelievable. That this happens in America today.&#13;
&#13;
But I think it'll help us a lot. When I go to Washington tomorrow. I'm going to see those same people I'm going to see EPA and other federal people. And I'll say here's another one of your agency who has an agreement now let's do something get up and move these people immediately. Don't wait for the state to do it. It's up to you to do it now.&#13;
&#13;
From Western New York's first news station here News Four's update.&#13;
&#13;
Good evening. I'm Rich Newberg Lois Gibbs has called for a boycott of the Federal Health Studies at the Love Canal. The boycott was the first of several issues I discussed tonight with the president of the Love Canal Homeowners Association.&#13;
&#13;
We are calling for a boycott of the EPA studies and we're calling for a boycott at the EPA meetings. The reason we're asking this is because they have not given us their design or protocols. We don't know they're gonna be done might they plan on eliminating people because of economic background likely cell development? Or because they have health problems like sugar diabetes, we feel everybody should be tested who want to be &#13;
&#13;
The burning of the first family in effigy. When you were in Washington? What do you think this accomplished?&#13;
&#13;
I think it explained to the nation the plight of the people and how they felt about the White House. They've ignored us and Stonewall us and they've turned a deaf ear to Love Canal. And this is how not only Love Canal people feel but Western New York and across the nation. We've had many people respond the same way.&#13;
&#13;
Had you had a face to face confrontation with the President? What do you think this might have accomplished?&#13;
&#13;
I think he would have regained some confidence in government that Love Canal people have lost and if nothing else, I could give him the real story of Love Canal the personal story from the families.&#13;
&#13;
Hooker says a review of its records finds no evidence of US military dumping. How do you react to this finding?&#13;
&#13;
I don't understand. I don't understand why Hooker would say that. If nothing else, they would say they did dumb so they could share in the cost. Many residents have verified have seen this happen back in the 40s in the 50s. And I just plain don't understand it.&#13;
&#13;
The testifying of Love Canal residents before Senator Kennedy's committee. What do you think this accomplished?&#13;
&#13;
Well, it brought it to national attention. Barbara Quimby and Phyllis were great and they they got across the point that we have mentally retired children we have broken chromosomes and nobody is doing anything. As a result of this. We have received sympathy, telegrams and things nationwide and everybody's more aware now than they were before.&#13;
&#13;
Good afternoon. I'm Gary Gunter. Governor Carey flew into Buffalo late this morning and we're fortunate to have him right here with us live. Here's the governor with news four's Rich Newberg, Rich?&#13;
&#13;
Governor, thank you for joining us this morning but the venue. There was a reported impasse and they love canal loan negotiations. The state has rejected the $15 million loan concept. Now there's an impasse what is going to happen in Love Canal?&#13;
&#13;
We'll work it out. First of all, state rejection is based upon the fact that the way they gave us the money we'd have to go to a referendum, a constitutional amendment to get into the people. There is an amendment which was passed by the Senate in the house, the Javits Moynihan amendment, which shows the appropriate way to get the money to the Love Canal families so we can get permanent relocation. I'll be meeting with White House people tomorrow. I'll bring this up and we'll break the impasse.&#13;
&#13;
Federal government is very concerned about the precedent setting Love Canal situation, what makes you think they're going to bend and give us for example, $50 million outright,&#13;
&#13;
They're not going to give us 15 million outright,  they're gonna make credit available so we can help the families get the mortgage they need for permanent resettlement. It's no no big deal by the federal government. They're simply acknowledging some of the responsibility they have, because they contributed heavily to the trauma at Love Canal.&#13;
&#13;
Can we turn for a moment to the national scene? Yes, sir. Are you going to actively campaign for Jimmy Carter?&#13;
&#13;
I'm going to campaign for every Democrat across New York state or anywhere else that can be helpful, but I can always campaign better if I feel solidly about the issues, and I'm trying to get the message through to the White House, you can't take New York for granted.&#13;
&#13;
Air Force One taxied in about 10:30 This morning, under flattening Buffalo area skies. Security was extremely tight with Secret Service agents and local police keeping a close watch on the airport crowd. The President was all smiles as he greeted the governor, Senator Patrick Moynihan and Erie County Democratic Chairman Joseph Clangor. The President's awareness of Buffalo's problems was sharpened during the blizzard of 1977 when the federal government came to the aid of a snowed in city. Today when the President set foot on the podium. It began to rain. But the Carter smile was against sparkling when Cheektowaga supervisor Kenneth Myers presented him with the town flag. The only disruption occurred when Governor Kerry became distracted by a group of dissatisfied Love Canal residents while he was introducing the president.&#13;
&#13;
Please lower those signs a president has seen them so the others behind you can see the President's gotten your message. He's seen them. We'll respond to you and please lower the side like button neighbors now so the people behind you can see.&#13;
&#13;
The signs and the President was warmly received. He in turn acknowledged problems in the Love Canal District and said Governor Kerry was doing a better job than he was of meeting the needs of Canal residents.&#13;
&#13;
And I have to tell you, that he's done a lot more at the state level than I and my people have done at the federal level and I will express my thanks to him for dealing with your problem.&#13;
&#13;
Reacting to White House refusal to buy their homes angry residents have chemically polluted Love Canal dragged out dummies in the street and burned the Carter family in effigy. Niagara Falls police made no effort to stop the demonstration. &#13;
&#13;
They were shouting for FEMA, the Federal Emergency Management Team dispatched to Niagara Falls to assist residents in temporary relocation. Finally, a spokesman for FEMA emerged from headquarters to speak with the group.&#13;
&#13;
They're not offering to buy your homes. They're not offering to reimburse the people whose homes were destroyed by Mount Helens, they are offering you the same thing.&#13;
&#13;
How can you stand there and say these things to us when you're right in the city and see what's going on? What EPA they're just what they've given us about chromosome damage?&#13;
&#13;
Love Canal residents are threatening to boycott medical tests the government may need in its lawsuit against Hooker Chemical. The government hopes to recover the millions it will spend in temporary relocation costs. Residents hope and medical boycott will pressure the government into buying their homes if not, they say the demonstrations will continue. Rich Newberg, News Four update&#13;
&#13;
This church turned into a pressure cooker, more steam being led out by angry homeowners and more cries for answers. The church was packed with Love Canal residents EPA Regional Chief Jim Marshall was there to listen as homeowners expressed two years of frustration and immediate demands for a settlement on their homes.&#13;
&#13;
I'm 65 years old, almost. I'm sick and tired of being a yo yo pulled this way. All the other way. Why don't you get a hold where you're pulling me down the road. All I want, all I want I don't want to be relocated. All I want is my 28 five and give it to me tonight. And I'll never look back on Love Canal now again.&#13;
&#13;
1500 supportive telegrams have reportedly poured into President Carter's office from unions and environmental groups across the country. But Lois Gibbs told the group only they could keep the momentum going for permanent relocation and government purchase of their homes.&#13;
&#13;
We have to keep the pressure on President Carter. We have to create more pressure than the Cubans coming in on Florida. Then the fall people in order to do that we're gonna have such telegrams, scream and holler and be heard.&#13;
&#13;
It could be two or three days before the government fully coordinates a relocation program. Meanwhile, the search for hotel and motel rooms gets tougher.&#13;
&#13;
We want out!&#13;
&#13;
The tour guide was sent from the state attorney general's office in New York, the sightseers viewing house after boarded up house inside the Love Canal included State Supreme Court judges as well as lawyers for former Love Canal homeowners and for Hooker chemical company.&#13;
&#13;
On your right, you're gonna see the 99th Street School&#13;
&#13;
Slowly they passed landmarks of a deserted community whose former residents are now locked in court battles with hooker over claims of personal injury. This state now owns these homes and plans on tearing down 237 of them. The tour was designed to give the legal opponents judges one last close up look.&#13;
&#13;
If you wish to go into the homes we'll show you how to don the protective equipment that you would need so&#13;
&#13;
No one was permitted to enter the houses until they were fully protected from chemical exposure boots, gowns, gloves and even a respirator if you want to total protection then there was this observation from attorney Richard Lepus, who represents the former homeowners&#13;
&#13;
Of course it's interesting that we're all donning the suits and our clients have lived in these homes for years without any of these suits on including the children.&#13;
&#13;
Though we were all shielded from any chemical contamination. There was no protection from the eerie feelings of emptiness and desolation that the absence of life here creates. The attorneys representing the homeowners want the houses demolished mostly for health reasons. One Hooker attorney said the company takes no position on the question of demolition for the people who moved out of here and for the country as a whole the questions raised by the Love Canal disaster will continue to be raised long after the last house is demolished. Rich, Newberg News Four Niagara Falls.&#13;
&#13;
May 16th 1980 Rare chromosomal damage was found in a sampling of Love Canal residents.&#13;
&#13;
We found two particular characteristics in this study, which are ominous.&#13;
&#13;
I just want to get my kids away from your weapon to factories on the first year or maybe they can have a decent life. I don't know. My son's probably already permanently damaged.&#13;
&#13;
That was the straw that broke the camel's back.&#13;
&#13;
The fact that we now know that the chemicals are in the home that they got into the people and caused chromosome damage in the people indicates that the miscarriages and the birth defects and cancer is a result of living in this neighborhood.&#13;
&#13;
We have got abnormalities in our chromosomes and we've known it all along that on our street alone there has been already eight cases of cancer on the 15th House street &#13;
&#13;
May 19 1982. EPA officials are held hostage for six hours.&#13;
&#13;
If we do not have a disaster declaration, Wednesday by noon then what they have seen here today is just a Sesame Street picnic in comparison..&#13;
&#13;
Two days later, President Jimmy Carter declared the Love Canal neighborhood a national emergency and agreed to evacuate all Love Canal families. And on October 1 1980 President Carter came to Niagara Falls to announce that all the Love Canal families who wish to leave their homes would be provided the money to permanently relocate.&#13;
&#13;
There's really no way to make adequate restitution for that kind of suffering. But this agreement will at least give the families of the area some 750 of them the financial freedom to pack up and leave if they choose to do so.&#13;
&#13;
The President singled out the woman he called the grassroots leader of the Love Canal residents, Lois Gibbs for special recognition&#13;
&#13;
Without her impassioned advocacy and dedication. There might have never been a love canal emergency declaration and that's a great one might never have come to pass. There must never be in our country another Love Canal.&#13;
&#13;
I love you now, Mr. President. What can I say? New York loves you today.&#13;
&#13;
Lois Gibbs and her two children have moved to the nation's capitol, where Mrs. Gibbs has begun to organize a national citizens clearinghouse for hazardous waste problems. She already has enough mail to keep her busy for the next couple of years. &#13;
&#13;
What I have here is 1000s of people who have written us from 13 Other countries and these people want information and this is what I'm going to provide what is chloroform me what does it do to humans? What is the safe level? How do I get the state to test and what should I test for and at what level? How do I do a house survey? I want to provide all this information to these individuals to help them evaluate the problems and eventually resolve.&#13;
&#13;
Now a single parent, Mrs. Gibbs will attempt to take care of her two children Michael, eight, and Missy, five, while spending the rest of her time asking private foundations for grant money. She says she'll be making a minimum wage for a while but he's willing to make the sacrifice for the cause She believes in. &#13;
&#13;
There are family suffering financially, psychologically and health wise, tapping across the country to people in the United States. Don't band together now, don't identify their problems and clean them up. Then God only knows what generations has to come.&#13;
&#13;
Mrs. Gibbs earned the reputation as a fighter for victims of chemical contamination. She is credited for having President Carter declare the Love Canal area of Niagara Falls a national emergency, which led to the permanent relocation of hundreds of Love Canal families. She is convinced her struggle will determine the kind of life her children and her children's children will lead.&#13;
&#13;
I want my children you know, I want them to grow up in a place where they can plant their gardens, eat the food and have normal children and not be concerned. It's not going to happen unless we do this&#13;
&#13;
Rich Newberg News Four, Washington.&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>These selected reports beginning in 1978 provide insight into how Love Canal homeowners were able to channel their fears and anger into action in terms of personal injury lawsuits against the Hooker Chemical Corporation and pressure applied to their local, state and federal government representatives.&#13;
&#13;
Beginning in the summer of 1978, when blood tests were first administered and only a selected number of households were ordered to evacuate their contaminated homes, Lois Gibbs and her Love Canal Homeowners Association demanded that arrangements be made to move out more families for permanent relocation.  &#13;
&#13;
After strong lobbying efforts, president Jimmy Carter took initial action in approving enough funds for New York State to buy 236 Love Canal homes. Families were relocated at a cost of $10 million dollars.&#13;
&#13;
Three months later it was revealed that 200 tons of dioxin, one of the most lethal chemicals produced by humans, were buried in the canal. Residents said they witnessed the military also using the canal as a dumpsite. &#13;
&#13;
In May 1980 the Environmental Protection Agency determined that some residents suffered from chromosome damage. Four days later President Carter declared Love Canal a national emergency. Eventually another 710 Love Canal families were relocated. &#13;
&#13;
Love Canal families had originally sought $15 billion dollars in damages from Hooker Chemical’s parent company Occidental Chemical Corporation. In 1983, about 1,330 families got a settlement of $20 million dollars. In addition, a one million dollar medical trust fund was created. &#13;
&#13;
In 1995, Occidental Chemical Corporation and Occidental Petroleum agreed to pay the federal government $129 million dollars as reimbursement for clean-up costs of the Love Canal landfill.</text>
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                <text>&lt;div class="element-text"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;a href="http://digital.buffalolib.org/items/show/2175"&gt;A Toxic Nightmare: The Awakening [The Story of Love Canal Pt. 1]&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="element-text"&gt;&lt;a href="http://digital.buffalolib.org/admin/items/show/2176"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Love Canal: Neighborhood of Fear [The Story of Love Canal Pt. 2]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="element-text"&gt;&lt;a href="http://digital.buffalolib.org/admin/items/show/2177"&gt;Turning Anger Into Action [The Story of Love Canal Pt.3]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="element-text"&gt;&lt;a href="http://digital.buffalolib.org/admin/items/show/2178"&gt;What Have We Learned? [The Story of Love Canal Pt. 4]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="element-text"&gt;&lt;a href="http://digital.buffalolib.org/admin/items/show/2347"&gt;An Interview with Michael Brown&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="element-text"&gt;&lt;a href="http://digital.buffalolib.org/admin/items/show/2350"&gt;An Interview with Lois Gibbs [Her Battle and Victory on Behalf of Love Canal Homeowners]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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              <text>10 years ago, August 2 1978, the lives of Love Canal residents would never be the same. When Health Commissioner Robert Whelan advised pregnant women and children under two to be evacuated immediately panic kit. &#13;
&#13;
Why not my three year old?..&#13;
&#13;
It was a new crisis one society knew little about and even less on how to handle it. The administrator for the US disaster aid administration arrives from Washington and sees chemicals bubbling to the surface. New York State makes history deciding to evacuate everyone, all 239 families who live next to the old Booker chemical dump site. The story of Love Canal began nearly a century earlier. When entrepreneur William Love had a dream of building a canal connecting the upper and lower Niagara River for cheap hydroelectric power. The project was abandoned, the canal was used by bunker chemical in the 40s and 50s to dump 22 tons of industrial waste. In the mid 70s, heavy rainfall melting snow and rusting drums brought the buried chemicals to the surface and into backyards and basements. After the first evacuations, Love Canal homeowners President Lois Gibbs led the residents left behind a two year battle with government, even at one point holed into Washington officials hostage to bring attention to their cause. &#13;
&#13;
What they have seen here today is just a Sesame Street picnic. &#13;
&#13;
President Carter decided to allow 700 More families to move. CBS Television told the story of a Love Canal struggle in a two hour Docu-drama, starring actress Marcia Mason as Lois Gibbs. &#13;
&#13;
It's historic weather we want to be or not. We're just historic you know, just like the falls. Luella Kenny's little boy died from a rare kidney disease she believes is linked to chemical contamination.&#13;
&#13;
You have to look back with with so much sadness and just just a very difficult day for me to remember.&#13;
&#13;
Here at home they're asking, Has the Love Canal sprung a serious leak? News Four's Michelle McClintock reports nervous neighbors are waiting for answers in Niagara Falls.&#13;
&#13;
I can't remain silent. I'm not I'm not.&#13;
&#13;
Joanne Avila Radley has lived in the LaSalle area of Niagara Falls all her life, say Love Canal and she can rattle off a list of people she knows directly affected by that environmental disaster. These are the images that can haunt anyone who calls the Cataract City home.&#13;
&#13;
Now because of the sensitivity about one canal the problem that we have is that anytime anyone goes to fix a pothole or do any routine sewer work in the neighborhood, people are getting concerned.&#13;
&#13;
And that's why many residents off Colvin Boulevard were concerned when a foul smelling substance was discovered during routine work on a sewer line. Department of Environmental Conservation officials tested the material at first and found it was tri-chlorobenzene substance found at the occidental chemical site. &#13;
&#13;
This is the corner of 96 and Colvin. It's the exact spot where the substance was found a month ago by a contractor who was working on the sewers. It is quite literally a stone's throw from the Love Canal containment facility. &#13;
&#13;
The Bradley's live blocks away from that site, but they're still concerned because hazardous waste workers have been in their neighborhood. They've been snapping photos of the work as it gets closer to their home, even at the end of their street.&#13;
&#13;
Who knows even back 35 years ago. Do we get all the truth?&#13;
&#13;
96 Ben Coleman Boulevard is the only location where the substance was found. According to the DC officials are expected to release the findings as soon as the lab results come in. Stay with news for as we continue to follow this story. Reporting live Michelle McClintock for the 10 o'clock news.&#13;
&#13;
One of the worst environmental disasters in American history and it happened right here in our own backyard. It's now been 35 years since the emergency declaration at Love Canal the infamous neighborhood in Niagara Falls became the center of a crusade against toxic waste. And the housewife who you see here who spearheaded this nationwide mission has returned to where those homes once stood. News for senior correspondent rich Newberg joins us live from Niagara Falls. Good afternoon, Rich &#13;
&#13;
Good afternoon. And you know, it's not quite over yet. This is a rather bizarre situation. 35 years later, I remember covering it 35 years ago, after the disaster, people were told that the chemicals were contained. It was safe to move back here and hundreds of families did just that. Well that brings us to this morning. This morning. Lois Gibbs, who led the three year fight to have residents evacuated from the Love Canal neighborhood returned for a walking tour of the area where 20,000 tons of toxic waste were buried 35 years ago was a battle that led to a state of emergency here at Love Canal and the eventual evacuation of over 800 families. Many residents had health disorders back then and they attributed that to chemicals seeping into their homes and their neighborhood. Well now families that moved into this same neighborhood, they were told that it was safe to say that they are suffering from major health disorders like the family of Keith Boos.&#13;
&#13;
They're my they're my family because every day is contaminated and life threatening. Our family has been affected by the contaminants in our home, emotionally, physically and mentally.&#13;
&#13;
We said it so many times, don't bring people back here. Just don't bring them back here. And they did and they bamboozle them into believing it was safe and gave them the data and god knows what else these folks got. And and they innocently went in and bought what I bought 35 years ago, the American dream.&#13;
&#13;
So now there's $113 million lawsuit filed claiming that Love Canal may be leaking and harming people here. We're gonna have to relive what happened 35 years ago and bring you back up to date with many more details. Tonight at five and six and on our website@wivb.com reporting live in the falls. Rich Newberg news four news.&#13;
&#13;
Love Canal remains one of the most talked about chemical catastrophes in this country. Dozens of groups toured the site every year helping to better understand how it happened and hoping History doesn't repeat itself &#13;
&#13;
And I just don't want to do I'm disgusted. &#13;
&#13;
I don't want to be here. I don't want to read all that air.&#13;
&#13;
Memories of the pain and the panic of the late 70s haunt this neighborhood nearly 40 years later, it was leaking into their. Their sump pumps. &#13;
&#13;
There were smells people were complaining of skin irritation and rashes. &#13;
&#13;
Mike Messio was a young employee at the time working at the nearby Niagara Falls airbase. He remembers stories from people like Bonnie Schneider&#13;
&#13;
I had some physical problems that I hope is not related to anything here but if they are I want to know about it. &#13;
&#13;
What are those physical problems?&#13;
&#13;
I have in the rheumatoid arthritis and I have severe headaches others complained of miscarriages and urinary and kidney problems.&#13;
&#13;
Our concern was to was to relocate these people. We wanted them out of harm's way it took it took some years to relocate 900 families and buy them out &#13;
&#13;
And there was no precedent for this. &#13;
&#13;
There was no we were we were we were kind of flying by the seat of our pants today. Today Massio is the EPA is regional spokesperson. He helps share the story of one of America's worst environmental disasters, a disaster that decimated this neighborhood. Only the streets, sidewalks and streetlights remain &#13;
&#13;
This is the east side of the canal yet we count only a handful of homes left families who for whatever reason refuse the EPA spy on offers.&#13;
&#13;
This was a big black eye on the City of Niagara Falls Massio says there's still enormous interest in Love Canal you get requests for tours of Love Canal all the time, all the time. Probably I have to say that. This year alone probably 40 tours, &#13;
&#13;
People from all over the world. &#13;
&#13;
The actual canal was only 16 acres in length was about 18 feet wide. It was like a bathtub. A canal Dug as a dream for entrepreneur William love in the late 1890s and then abandoned &#13;
&#13;
This was shot in 1938. Prior to disposal hooker chemical bought it and started burying barrels of chemicals 21,000 tons of toxins. Sold to the school board for $1 and words of warning they said don't build the school right over the top of the 16 acre landfill. The blizzard of 77 accelerated the nightmare that followed. &#13;
&#13;
What do you gonna do for my kid? What are you gonna do?&#13;
&#13;
The EPA eventually allowed hundreds of families to move back into the homes north of Colton Boulevard. Those families today are some of the ones involved in the lawsuits. &#13;
&#13;
We said it so many times. Don't bring people back here. Just don't bring them back here. Louis Gibbs, who led the Love Canal relocation fight returned in 2013. This was one of the areas that was most contaminated. &#13;
&#13;
Gibbs has long argued families should never have returned. We fought very hard to stop the resettlement of Love Canal.&#13;
We lost that battle. &#13;
&#13;
Our family has been affected by the contaminants in our home emotionally, physically and mentally. Keith Boos spoke with news Four in 2013 he and other families can't talk to us now. Their lawyer has ordered them to stay quiet. The government told us it was safe to come back&#13;
&#13;
And they innocently went in and bought what I bought 35 years ago. The American dream &#13;
&#13;
Today the area looks more like a golf course just a chain link fence. That's all we've got. Oh yeah, but seal insist it would even be safe to walk on the site. &#13;
&#13;
All that debris from those homes in the school Sit, sit make up the 70 acre cap &#13;
&#13;
More than 200 monitoring wells dot the area offering the only real clues to the trouble it's buried below. &#13;
&#13;
How do you respond to people who say why didn't the EPA move any of this stuff?&#13;
&#13;
It didn't make much sense to excavate 21,000 tons of waste where it's located now and transport someplace else to put it back in the ground again, &#13;
&#13;
Massio says the area is among the safest in western New York because of constant monitoring. Paid for by Occidental Petroleum, a company that bought Hooker chemical runoff from the site gets treated here before it's pumped underground to the city's wastewater facility. &#13;
&#13;
They did not clean up canal at best. They put a trench around it. There was there's still 20,000 tons of chemicals in the center of that site. &#13;
&#13;
That's a sentiment shared by many of this dissection of the falls families who fear the toxic waste isn't entirely contained. And that one day it may seep back into their lives. &#13;
&#13;
These new lawsuits may take years to get resolved. I sat through a hearing last week and State Supreme Court and Niagara County depositions haven't even been scheduled in the 18 lawsuits. And we would like to hear from you if you have a story to share about Love Canal. You can email us investigates a wivb.com Trent Williams News Four.&#13;
&#13;
It was 40 years ago this week that a working class neighborhood in Niagara Falls became the center of a national health crisis. Toxic chemical waste seeped into backyards and playgrounds the Love Canal neighborhood news for us Jen Sean spoke to residents who say even decades letter later these wounds still feel fresh.&#13;
&#13;
Jackie hundreds of families were eventually evacuated from the Love Canal area. After it was discovered the waste dumped there by hook or chemical was toxic. If you ask dozens of people who grew up or raised their kids there they'll tell you the company's actions lead to long term health disasters. 40 years later, they are still fighting for answers.&#13;
&#13;
He was a sweet little boy, who I think would have contributed so much to society and yet he was cut down at seven John Allen Kenny was a victim of his own backyard, His mother says. Doctors in the late 70s said the seven year old boy died from kidney disease. Well, Kenny always thought there was something more that turned out that the chemical had been coming down the storm sores and empty out into the backyard. Where the children played. That backyard she says made her son's sick. The Kennys lived on 96th Street and Niagara Falls the Love Canal neighborhood years before they moved in &#13;
&#13;
Hooker chemical dumped 22,000 tons of toxic waste in the canal. You're talking about organic compounds the reactions there's a lot of pesticide products hooker chemical, was using this site as a permanent landfill to deposit drums and lamp packs.&#13;
&#13;
It was black was a deep black with like blue and purple colors that kind of ran through it.&#13;
&#13;
 Patricia Grimsey used to play near the dump site. &#13;
&#13;
If you drop something in that it bubbled up and then disappeared, so we call it a quicksand &#13;
&#13;
By the late 1970s. The toxic chemicals Grimsey and our friends were mesmerized by started getting national attention. People were getting sick residents wanted answers &#13;
&#13;
Our little Julie was stillborn&#13;
&#13;
At one point then the head of the Love Canal homeowners association Louis Gibbs wouldn't let an EPA representative leave her office without action from the federal government. &#13;
&#13;
I was asked to come out to talk with a group of citizens about their medical test results.&#13;
&#13;
Now you've been taken hostage &#13;
&#13;
once quiet housewives became members of an organized play&#13;
&#13;
when people were burning their deeds and their mortgages as it was like a movie scene &#13;
&#13;
In 1978, President Carter declared Love Canal a federal health emergency. Eventually the neighborhood was evacuated and there was a federal buyout. Many families including the Kenny's and the Grenzies settled with a chemical company out of court after spending months living in motels. This is the Love Canal neighborhood now 70 acres of emptiness. A school and 239 homes were demolished. It's an emotional graveyard for Luella Kenny seen here at the site in the 80s &#13;
&#13;
We took every precaution I mean we wouldn't let him go swimming. We wouldn't let him do all these things. But we did not know about chemicals. &#13;
&#13;
After John died she joined the fight alongside other mothers demanding justice.&#13;
&#13;
I really never had a chance to grieve because all of a sudden I was thrust into this whole arena of trying to get out of Love Canal trying to protect the rest of my family. &#13;
&#13;
They did get out of Love Canal but closure never came and the settlement did little to comfort Kenny.&#13;
&#13;
We have over 100 mandatory wells not only on the site and off the site in the community. &#13;
&#13;
According to the EPA, the toxic waste is now capped and contain &#13;
&#13;
You don't believe that? &#13;
&#13;
No.&#13;
&#13;
Grenzey and her family are battling long term illnesses, illnesses she's convinced our courtesy of the Love Canal no doctor has ever confirmed so with certainty right across from the toxic wasteland is a neighborhood Black Creek.&#13;
&#13;
What would you say to those families who don't buy that this is Captain contained? &#13;
&#13;
Well, everything that we do at the agency is based on science. Our monitoring continues to show us today that the remedy is in place and continues to be protective. of human health and the environment. &#13;
&#13;
40 years after a sitting president admitted this place was toxic Louella Kenny, now in her 80s says she's not done fighting.&#13;
&#13;
I thought well, you know maybe it's time to stop but I can't do it. I can't bring John back. That's for sure. But I worry about all the other children.&#13;
&#13;
For more than 30 years now. Louella Kenny has helped distribute money to families of the original Love Canal lawsuit through the Love Canal medical fund. Keep in mind there are still more than a dozen civil suits in litigation connected to the Love Canal, Jen Schanz, News Four.&#13;
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In this series of reports presented ten to forty years after the evacuation of an entire Niagara Falls community due to toxic chemical exposure, a sad truth emerges. History appears to be repeating itself. &#13;
&#13;
Viewers learn that the losses of life and property that received international attention beginning in the late 1970s failed to prevent others from establishing homes in close proximity to where 20,000 thousand tons of toxic chemicals remain buried in the ground. The industrial and military waste was capped and continues to be monitored by the federal government, which has insisted the area is safe. &#13;
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However, new lawsuits have been filed claiming that chemicals have migrated from the site, again taking a toll on human health. Lois Gibbs, the environmental rights crusader who organized fellow homeowners when the Love Canal story first broke, revisited the neighborhood in 2013. She couldn’t understand how anyone could move anywhere near the Love Canal site. &#13;
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                <text>&lt;div class="element-text"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;a href="http://digital.buffalolib.org/items/show/2175"&gt;A Toxic Nightmare: The Awakening [The Story of Love Canal Pt. 1]&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="element-text"&gt;&lt;a href="http://digital.buffalolib.org/admin/items/show/2176"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Love Canal: Neighborhood of Fear [The Story of Love Canal Pt. 2]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="element-text"&gt;&lt;a href="http://digital.buffalolib.org/admin/items/show/2177"&gt;Turning Anger Into Action [The Story of Love Canal Pt.3]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="element-text"&gt;&lt;a href="http://digital.buffalolib.org/admin/items/show/2347"&gt;An Interview with Michael Brown&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="element-text"&gt;&lt;a href="http://digital.buffalolib.org/admin/items/show/2350"&gt;An Interview with Lois Gibbs [Her Battle and Victory on Behalf of Love Canal Homeowners]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;div&gt;Following Easter Sunday in 1992, the pro-life group Operation Rescue staged its “Spring of Life” demonstrations in front of several Western New York abortion clinics. Anti-abortion activists had been invited by Buffalo mayor Jimmy Griffin to stage their demonstrations in Western New York. New York State abortion law had gone into effect in 1970, allowing abortions during the first 24 weeks of pregnancy. &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Operation Rescue founder Randall Terry and national director Rev. Keith Tucci made appearances. The campaign was modeled after a 46 day protest a year earlier in Wichita, Kansas. During those “Summer of Mercy” sit-ins and blockades, 2,600 people were arrested. Three abortion clinics were closed for a week. &lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;The Buffalo demonstrations lasted two weeks, resulting in more than 620 arrests. Many pro-choice activists showed up, locking arms in front of the clinics, preventing them from closing.  During the two weeks of demonstrations, one rear driveway to the Buffalo GYN Womenservices clinic on Main Street was blocked for a few hours.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;The “Spring of Life” demonstrations attracted national media attention, and served as the lead news story on the nation’s major networks. The Rev. Robert Schenck, an anti-abortion activist, was arrested for disorderly conduct after carrying a 19 week old human fetus and holding it up to abortion-rights demonstrators. His brother Paul, also a minister, was arrested for trespassing after boarding the bus where his brother was being held by the police.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;Dr. Barnett Slepian, who provided abortions at a women’s clinic Buffalo, was one of five doctors targeted by anti-abortion demonstrators. His house was picketed and he became increasingly concerned about the safety of his family and his own vulnerability. Six years after the Spring of Life demonstrations he was assassinated in his suburban Buffalo home while preparing soup in his kitchen. James Kopp, the man convicted of his murder, had been nicknamed “Atomic Dog” by radical elements in the anti-abortion movement.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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                <text>Copyright held by WIVB-TV. Access to this digital version provided by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Videos or images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of WIVB-TV and the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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                <text>Lynn DeJac Exonerated</text>
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                <text>Lynn DeJac of Buffalo, New York served thirteen years in prison for a crime she did not commit. In 1994 she was wrongly convicted of murdering her fourteen-year-old daughter, Crystallynn Girard.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In 2007, DeJac’s conviction was vacated after Buffalo Police cold case detective Dennis Delano brought forth DNA evidence he claimed linked DeJac’s ex-boyfriend, Dennis Donohue, to Crystallynn’s death. Donohue could not be charged because he had testified before a grand jury and was granted immunity from prosecution.&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;However, he was later convicted of murdering a woman he had once dated.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;DeJac, according to the Innocence Project, became the first woman to be exonerated of murdering someone based on DNA evidence. She had given birth to twin boys while behind bars and later married their father, Chuck Peters, while serving her sentence. She also had an older, estranged son, Edward.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;WIVB-TV Senior Correspondent Rich Newberg and News 4 Chief Photographer Mike Mombrea Jr. were with DeJac the day of her release and also documented the reunion with her family. During a live interview that evening, DeJac told Newberg, "&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;The&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt; truth will set me free." &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Shortly after the state of New York paid DeJac a settlement of $2.7 million dollars, she was diagnosed with cancer. She died at age fifty on June 18, 2014. Her husband and twin sons, Keith and Douglas were with their mother when she passed away.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>2014-6-18</text>
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                <text>Rich Newberg Reports Collection</text>
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                <text>WIVB (Television Station: Buffalo, N.Y.)</text>
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                <text>Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library (publisher of digital)</text>
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                <text>Copyright held by WIVB-TV. Access to this digital version provided by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Videos or images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of WIVB-TV and the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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                  <text>This collection of long-form reports by retired WIVB-TV Senior Correspondent Rich Newberg covers a wide range of social issues, Buffalo history and the arts. Mr. Newberg retired from the Buffalo CBS network affiliate at the end of 2015, after serving the station for thirty-seven years in various roles including main anchor, reporter and documentarian. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;His New York Emmy Award winning pieces explore the abortion debate, care of the mentally ill, the African American struggle for civil rights, and the lessons of the Holocaust, among many topics. His video memoir, “One Reporter’s Journey, “ reflects on his forty-six year career, beginning as an advocate for those without a voice. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"My hope," says Newberg, “is that this collection will provide a lasting chronicle of life and issues in Buffalo during the latter part of the 20th century and into the new millennium."</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;On July 8, 2004, John and Timothy were found guilty of conspiracy, securities and bank fraud. They were convicted of hiding $2.3 billion in debt, while looting Adelphia of $100 million.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Michael avoided prison by pleading guilty to making a false entry in a financial record. Michael Mulcahey, the former director of internal reporting for Adelphia, was acquitted. The government’s main witness, James Brown, Adelphia’s former vice president for finance, had pleaded guilty to fraud in 2002.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Less than a year later, on June 20, 2005, John &lt;span class="highlight"&gt;Rigas&lt;/span&gt;, who at age 80 suffered from heart problems and bladder cancer, was sentenced to 15 years in prison. His son Timothy received a 20-year prison sentence. John’s sentence was later reduced to 12 years, and Timothy’s to 17 years, after a federal appeals court threw out part of the government’s case.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;John and Timothy began serving their prison terms on August 13, 2007, when their initial appeals were denied. Two weeks earlier, John sat down with WIVB-TV Senior Correspondent Rich Newberg, proclaiming his innocence and desire to clear the family name.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;U.S. District Judge Leonard Sand had also ruled that after serving two years, John could regain his freedom if he were diagnosed with less than three months to live. On February 19, 2016, after serving 8 years in federal prison,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="highlight"&gt;Rigas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, at age 91, was granted a compassionate release. He had been diagnosed with terminal cancer.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>2007-07-31</text>
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                <text>Adelphia Communications Corporation.</text>
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                <text>Rich Newberg Reports Collection</text>
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                <text>Copyright held by WIVB-TV. Access to this digital version provided by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Videos or images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of WIVB-TV and the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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                <text>&lt;span&gt;On July 24, 2002, 77 year old John &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Rigas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, the founder and CEO of Adelphia Communications Corporation, was indicted on charges of securities, wire, and bank fraud. Two of his sons, Timothy and Michael were also charged, along with two company executives. Timothy had been Adelphia’s financial officer. Michael served as chief operating officer.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;John Rigas, the son of Greek immigrants, had started Adelphia in 1952 with a $300 dollar investment. He grew the company to the nation’s fifth largest cable company.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Following the indictments, John Rigas talked exclusively with WIVB-TV Senior Correspondent Rich Newberg, refuting federal charges of conspiring to defraud investors, looting corporate accounts, and failing to disclose $2.3 billion dollars in company debts.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;span&gt;One of the most horrific crimes in Buffalo history unfolded in the early morning hours of August 14, 2010. A gunman shot four people to death, execution style, and wounded four others. It happened at the City Grill restaurant on Buffalo’s Main Street.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The shootings followed an argument inside the restaurant. One of the victims who were shot to death had been celebrating his first wedding anniversary.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The gunman escaped, and during the days that followed, many Buffalo inner city residents lived in fear that there would be more bloodshed. Although there were more than a hundred patrons in the restaurant at the time of the shootings, authorities said they were having a hard time locating people willing to cooperate.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Buffalo police had arrested a suspect less than 12 hours after the shootings, but he turned out to be the wrong man.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Eleven days later, as authorities were closing in on another man who had emerged as the main “person of interest,” 23-year-old Riccardo McCray decided he would rather surrender peacefully than risk a showdown with Buffalo Police.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On August 25, 2010, community activists Darnell Jackson and Bishop Perry Davis brought McCray to WIVB-TV studios in North Buffalo. Jackson had contacted the station’s senior correspondent, Rich Newberg, the night before, indicating McCray was seeking a safe haven to surrender. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Newberg had a long history of reporting on the struggles of inner city residents, and had provided nightly updates following the City Grill shootings. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;While McCray waited for his attorney to arrive, Newberg interviewed the suspect, who volunteered the fact that he had been at the City Grill at the time of the shootings, but denied being the shooter.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;McCray was then peacefully taken into Buffalo Police custody and charged with first and second-degree murder and possession of a weapon.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;At McCray’s trial, Newberg was called as a witness for the prosecution. His entire interview of McCray was played for the jury in a packed courtroom.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;McCray was found guilty of first-degree murder, attempted murder and criminal possession of a weapon. He is serving a life sentence without the possibility of parole.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>FEATURED REPORTS   &#13;
&#13;
CITY GRILL MASSACRE RETROSPECTIVE&#13;
1.  WIVB-TV Anchor/Reporter Dave Greber’s retrospective dating back almost ten years includes footage from the City Grill massacre that had never been made public before. Greber interviews former WIVB-TV Senior Correspondent Rich Newberg who reflects on the day Riccardo McCray was brought to him to surrender. McCray was later convicted of murder, attempted murder, and criminal possession of a weapon.&#13;
February 17, 2020&#13;
(Runs: 6:18)&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
SURRENDER OF RICCARDO MCCRAY  &#13;
2.  Shortly after handling the surrender of Riccardo McCray, the primary suspect in the City Grill shootings, WIVB-TV Senior Correspondent Rich Newberg gave a first hand account of how it all unfolded. It was posted on the WIVB-TV website. Newberg would later testify at McCray’s trial. He was a witness for the prosecution. His entire interview of McCray was played for the jury.&#13;
August 2010&#13;
(Runs: 4:05)&#13;
&#13;
FIRST TELEVISED REPORTS OF MCCRAY’S SURRENDER                     &#13;
                        WIVB-TV / News 4 Buffalo&#13;
                                August 25, 2010&#13;
                                   (Runs: 13:44)&#13;
3.   Reports begin with “Breaking News” cut-in to programming followed by Rich Newberg’s first reports on McCray’s surrender, McCray being charged with the City Grill shootings, community reaction, and potential use of Newberg’s interview with McCray as evidence by prosecutors.  &#13;
&#13;
    MCCRAY ARRAIGNMENT&#13;
   WIVB-TV / News 4 Buffalo&#13;
            August 26, 2010&#13;
                (Runs: 2:05)&#13;
4.   Riccardo McCray is arraigned on charges including murder attempted murder, and weapons possession.&#13;
&#13;
    EXPERTS REVIEW MCCRAY SURRENDER AND&#13;
    INTERVIEW &#13;
                     September 3, 2010&#13;
                             (Runs: 3:00)&#13;
5.   WIVB-TV Legal Analyst Terry Connors and former New York State Attorney General Dennis Vacco review the video showing the McCray surrender and interview. They believe the interview by Rich Newberg could be used in court.&#13;
&#13;
  RICH NEWBERG TESTIFIES AT MCCRAY TRIAL&#13;
                          (March 25, 2011)&#13;
                               (Runs: 2:32)&#13;
6.  WIVB-TV Investigative Reporter Luke Moretti reports on Rich Newberg’s testimony in court as a witness for the prosecution. Newberg said his role was to obtain information from McCray who chose to answer all the questions that were raised and denied being the shooter. &#13;
&#13;
  REPORT ON JURY DELIBERATIONS&#13;
                (March 31, 2011)  &#13;
                    (Runs: 3:22)&#13;
7.  WIVB-TV reporter Laurie Schultz says jurors wanted to review the testimony of the getaway car driver. She then shows excerpts of closing arguments by the prosecution and defense. Her report includes surveillance video of the shootings used as evidence in McCray’s trial. &#13;
&#13;
 MCCRAY FOUND GUILTY (3/31/2011)&#13;
       (Report Aired: April 1, 2011)&#13;
                    (Runs: 2:23)&#13;
8.  After seven hours of deliberations, the jury finds Riccardo McCray guilty of three counts of first degree murder and several counts of attempted murder in the first degree. Prosecutors believe the surveillance video was powerful evidence in the trial. &#13;
McCray never took the stand and there were no witnesses who testified in his behalf.&#13;
&#13;
 MCCRAY SENTENCING&#13;
     (June 2, 2011)&#13;
      (Runs: 2:59)&#13;
9.  Riccardo McCray receives the maximum sentence of life without parole. WIVB-TV reporter George Richert shows courtroom video of victims’ family members emotionally telling the judge the impact of McCray’s actions on their lives and the lives of their loved ones. McCray killed and wounded his victims by firing 10 shots within 17 seconds. &#13;
McCray stood up during sentencing and once again declared that he wasn’t the shooter. Upon passing sentence, Erie County Judge Sheila Di’Tullio told McCray, “You’re a thug and you’re a murderer and you’re a person with no remorse and no conscience. Quite simply, Riccardo McCray, you take a life and you get life.”&#13;
&#13;
[42:05 —Total running time for segments 1 though 9]&#13;
&#13;
   COVERAGE OF CITY GRILL MASSACRE&#13;
              RICH NEWBERG REPORTS&#13;
           (August - September 2010)&#13;
                     (Runs:  1:09:16)&#13;
10.  Comprehensive series of reports beginning with the morning of the shootings at the City Grill in downtown Buffalo and ending with the surrender of Riccardo McCray to Senior Correspondent Rich Newberg at WIVB-TV studios. &#13;
[1:09:16 — Total running time for these reports]&#13;
&#13;
[1:51:34  —  Total running time for 1 through 10]</text>
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                <text>On April 10, 1980, Cynthia Dwyer, a 49 year old wife and mother of three young children, decided to travel to Iran to learn more about the revolution that had toppled the Shah, and to find out anything new about 52 people from the American Embassy in Tehran who had been taken hostage on November 4, 1979 by the Iranian Revolutionary Guard.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mrs. Dwyer, a freelance writer and book editor, had obtained an Erie County Sheriff’s press card and had a long history of taking up causes of the underdog. Despite warnings that travel to Iran could be dangerous, she made the journey, only to be arrested on May 5th, 1980 and charged with being a spy for the CIA.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;She may have been set up for arrest by possible agents of the revolutionary government who had spoken to her of a plan to free five American hostages separated from the larger group. There had earlier been an aborted U.S. rescue attempt that ended with a helicopter crash and the loss of eight American service personnel.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Inside the notorious Evin Prison in Tehran, Mrs. Dwyer said she was subjected to about 50 hours of interrogation. She was quoted as saying she “heard executions of many Iranians accused of treason.” She later said she had lived in “constant fear of death” during her nine months of incarceration.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On February 4, 1980, two weeks after the 52 hostages were released, Cynthia Dwyer was tried and convicted of espionage. She had been denied a lawyer and called the proceedings a “kangaroo trial…complete nonsense.” However, five days later, thanks, in part, to intervention by the Swiss government, Mrs. Dwyer was released by the Ayatollah Khomeini and expelled from Iran.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;She arrived at Kennedy Airport in New York on February 11, 1981 and was immediately reunited with her family. Her husband, John Dwyer, Chairman of the English Department at Buffalo State College, had kept Cynthia’s story in the headlines. WIVB-TV news reporter Rich Newberg had established a trusted relationship with the family and provided Buffalo, CNN, and CBS Newsfeed with updates during Mrs. Dwyer’s ten-month odyssey.</text>
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                <text>The late three term New York governor Mario Cuomo (June 15, 1932 - January 1, 2015) had a soft spot in his heart for Buffalo, according to former Queen City Mayor Anthony Masiello.&#13;
&#13;
In 2015, following Cuomo’s death at age 82, WIVB-TV Senior Correspondent Rich Newberg talked with Masiello and the governor’s former spokesman in Buffalo, Tim Clark, about Cuomo’s unique ability to connect with people, even if they did not agree with him politically. </text>
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                  <text>This collection of long-form reports by retired WIVB-TV Senior Correspondent Rich Newberg covers a wide range of social issues, Buffalo history and the arts. Mr. Newberg retired from the Buffalo CBS network affiliate at the end of 2015, after serving the station for thirty-seven years in various roles including main anchor, reporter and documentarian. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;His New York Emmy Award winning pieces explore the abortion debate, care of the mentally ill, the African American struggle for civil rights, and the lessons of the Holocaust, among many topics. His video memoir, “One Reporter’s Journey, “ reflects on his forty-six year career, beginning as an advocate for those without a voice. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"My hope," says Newberg, “is that this collection will provide a lasting chronicle of life and issues in Buffalo during the latter part of the 20th century and into the new millennium."</text>
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                <text>On March 25, 1988 Western New York real estate agent Gayle Wolfer was showing a house in Sardinia, southeast of Buffalo, when a man posing as a prospective buyer shot her in the face, chest and neck. He had been tipped-off that there was alleged drug money stashed in the house. &#13;
&#13;
The owner of the house, Craig Bush, was allegedly a cocaine dealer looking to sell his home and get out of the drug dealing business. He was also shot and suffered brain damage. His fiancé had been handcuffed by the shooter but managed to escape from the house during the time when Ms. Wolfer was being shot. &#13;
&#13;
Wolfer put up a struggle after the assailant’s handgun initially jammed. She survived her three bullet wounds and less than five months later, by sheer coincidence, came upon the man who shot her. She identified the shooter as Edward Beaufort-Cutner, an Erie County sheriff’s deputy who happened to be mounted on a horse during a patrol at the Erie County Fair. &#13;
&#13;
During his trial it was determined Beaufort-Cutner  had stolen $2,600 cash from Bush’s home before he shot his victims. Beaufort-Cutter was convicted of attempted murder, robbery, burglary, and weapons counts. He was sentenced to 29 to 50 years in prison. &#13;
&#13;
Ms. Wolfer’s story was so compelling that a made-for-TV movie called “With Murder In Mind” aired on CBS in 1992. The late actress Elizabeth Montgomery played Wolfer’s character. Gayle and her companion Robert Sprague, who had played a key role in her recovery, attended the filming in Atlanta and served as extras in the movie. &#13;
Sprague’s character was played by Robert Foxworth.&#13;
&#13;
WIVB-TV reporter Rich Newberg and photographer-editor Jack Keller documented the making of the movie in a four-part series that aired in May 1992. There were two other Buffalo connections to the making of the movie. Jack Maurer, the executive producer, and Joanie Cuff, an associate producer, were from Western New York. Cuff personally knew Ms. Wolfer and attended school with her children. </text>
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                <text>Van Miller (1927 - 2015) is remembered as one of the greatest local broadcasters of the National Football League. As “The Voice of the Buffalo Bills” for thirty-seven years, Miller reflected the unyielding enthusiasm of the Buffalo fans who reveled in their team’s four consecutive Super Bowl appearances. &#13;
&#13;
Born in Dunkirk, New York, south of Buffalo, Miller’s career echoed his calls in the booth, building to a crescendo from humble beginnings as a summer replacement announcer at WBEN-TV (now WIVB-TV) in the mid-1950s to the station’s legendary sports anchor. His upbeat delivery was punctuated by humor and wit, which became his trademarks on the air. He retired from WIVB in 1998 after a forty-three year run. &#13;
 &#13;
In 2004, Van Miller became the first local play-by-play announcer to be honored by the Pro Football Hall of Fame. Ten years later his name was added to the Buffalo Bills Wall of Fame at the team’s home stadium in Orchard Park, New York. &#13;
&#13;
During his final interview with WIVB-TV Senior Correspondent Rich Newberg, Miller reflected on his broadcast career in Buffalo, saying, “ That was a great ride. I was the luckiest man in the world.”&#13;
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Miller coined many phrases and catchwords that added to his signature style during Bills games. During the final days of his life, when he was barely able to speak, Van Miller mustered enough energy to raise his hands from his bedsheets and utter a parting word to his Channel 4 colleagues who came to say their final goodbye. It was his word describing the euphoria when the Bills would score a winning touchdown. “Fan-damonium!” Van’s longtime WIVB-TV colleagues who were at his bedside, anchor Jacquie Walker, senior correspondent Rich Newberg, and meteorologist Don Paul, believe Miller wanted Buffalo fans to know they were still number one on his mind. </text>
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                <text>In September 2002, six Yemeni-American friends from Lackawanna, New York, eight miles outside of Buffalo, were arrested and charged with giving material support to the terrorist organization al-Qaeda. It was the one year anniversary of the 9/11 attacks.&#13;
&#13;
They had attended a al-Qaeda training camp in Afghanistan in the Spring of 2001, just months before the attacks on the United States. &#13;
&#13;
In his State of the Union address in 2003, President George W. Bush referred to the six as being part of an “al-Qaeda cell.” He said that along with other alleged cells broken in Hamburg, Milan, Madrid, London and Paris, “We have the terrorists on the run. We’re keeping them on the run. One by one the terrorists are learning the meaning of American justice.”&#13;
&#13;
The men had grown up in the second largest Yemeni community in America and were all native born or naturalized U.S. citizens. One was a soccer star in high school. Another was voted “friendliest” in his graduating class.&#13;
&#13;
There was never proof that the six had been plotting terror attacks on American soil or that they were, in fact a homegrown terrorist cell. &#13;
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However, in December 2003, faced with possible long prison sentences if found guilty during a trial, all pleaded guilty to  “providing material support or resources to a foreign terrorist organization.” They were given sentences ranging from seven to ten years. &#13;
&#13;
Author Dina Temple-Raston, who wrote the book “The Jihad Next Door: The Lackawanna Six and Rough Justice in an Age of Terror,” says the men left the training camp early when they realized  America would be a target.&#13;
&#13;
During a 2007 interview on National Public Radio’s “Talk of the Nation,” Temple-Raston, NPR’s FBI correspondent, said the men were addressed by Osama bin Laden, who told them there were suicide bombers ready to take action against the United States and Israel. &#13;
&#13;
After returning to Lackawanna, she said the men were not truthful to the FBI about their activities in Afghanistan and were later arrested. &#13;
&#13;
As part of the plea bargain agreements, the defendants agreed to cooperate with federal terrorism investigators.&#13;
&#13;
A seventh suspect from Lackawanna, Jaber Elbaneh, escaped from a Yemeni prison but later turned himself in to Yemen authorities in 2007.  He had been placed on the FBI’s Most Wanted Terrorists list. &#13;
&#13;
The alleged recruiter of the Lackawanna Six, Kamal Derwish, was killed by a drone in Yemen on November 3, 2002.</text>
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                <text>When Manny Fried was blacklisted during the McCarthy era in the 1950s, he says the union rank and file he represented as an organizer stood by him. He said he never lost hope in the American people because of that support. He was being investigated for his association with the Communist Party.&#13;
 &#13;
His refusal to answer questions from the House Un-American Activities Committee earned the respect of Albert Einstein, who sent him a note on April 16, 1954 saying, “You did the right thing and fulfilled your duty as a citizen.”&#13;
 &#13;
After finding it impossible to find work in the US, Fried took a job with a Canadian company as a life insurance salesmen. He established his voice as a playwright, author, actor and teacher. He began teaching creative writing at Buffalo State College in 1972.&#13;
 &#13;
Later in life he sued the FBI for emotional and financial damage, claiming he and his family were harassed and intimidated by twenty-five agents under the direction of J. Edgar Hoover. Fried’s book, “The Un-American,” retells the nightmare he and his family were made to endure.&#13;
 &#13;
When Manny Fried passed away in 2011 at the age of 97, Buffalo News columnist Colin Dabkowski wrote, “He remained a guiding presence in Buffalo’s theater, literary and social activist communities and was widely regarded as the most important figure on Buffalo’s theater scene.”&#13;
 &#13;
Manny Fried told his story to Rich Newberg, who produced three reports in 1993 and 1994.</text>
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                <text>&lt;strong&gt;Interview One&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Manny Fried turns 80 and reflects on his life and the struggles he endured after being blacklisted from 1956 to 1972 for his political beliefs. He says that growing up as one of nine children, “We were taught to be honest and stick up for your rights.” In his books and plays he writes about relationships inside the labor movement. “I tried hard to be a voice for the American worker,” he tells Rich Newberg.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;He talks about refusing to answer any questions by the House Un-American Activities Committee, and about receiving support from Albert Einstein. Fried says the committee did not have a constitutional right to exist. He says he has no regrets, even though his life has been tough. He says, “I’ve tried to embody my experience in plays I write and the novels I write.”&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The interview is conducted at the Alleyway Theater before scenes are rehearsed for his play “Big Ben Hood.” Fried says the underlying theme is, “The need to be true to yourself, the need to have integrity, and the need to make a choice and not try to stand on the fence.”&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;When the interview ends, the actors on stage celebrate Manny Fried's birthday, surprising him with a song and a cake. He joins them on stage and blows out the candles with one breath. The actors, including Jim Santella, pay tribute to Fried, pointing out his honesty and integrity.&lt;br /&gt;March 1, 1993&lt;br /&gt;Interview Runs: 12:36&lt;br /&gt;21:18 including b-roll&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Interview Two&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1994 Manny Fried is interviewed by Rich Newberg at home, where he discusses his lawsuit against the FBI and the price he paid for being labeled “the most dangerous man in Western New York.”&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;At age 81, he discusses the lawsuit he filed against the FBI based on testimony he learned two years earlier from a former FBI worker. He says the woman told him that the FBI set up 25 agents to follow him around the clock, bug his conversations, read his mail and work toward getting him indicted.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fried says the most important goal of his lawsuit is to “have them admit what they did... and to make amends and so it’s not easy for them to do it again.” He says former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, through his agents, damaged his marriage and convinced neighbors not to allow their children to play with his children. Fried says the agents assigned to his case also convinced friends of his wife Rhoda, who came from an upper class Buffalo family, to stop socializing with her. He says they went to her friends’ employers or clients and pressured them to stay away from the Fried family.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Rhoda’s family owned the upscale Park Lane Restaurant and apartment building on Gates Circle in Buffalo. She had been a part owner but was barred from entering the restaurant according to Fried, after a priest called for a boycott of the establishment.&lt;br /&gt;Fried blames the actions of government agents for breaking his wife’s spirit and believes they were probably responsible for her death. He says she had become an alcoholic and a heavy smoker and eventually had a stroke.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;He says he has no regrets having been a member of the Communist Party in Western New York, whose goals locally he says were to “better the standard of living, the wages and the working conditions of the people here.” But he adds, “The only sense of guilt I have about this whole thing is what my wife and kids went through and the part I played in sticking up for these ideals.” He says, “They went through hell on account of it and that bothers me yet!”&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The number one hope expresses at age 81 is that “working people are able to get decent jobs and don’t have to worry where their bread’s coming from.” He adds, “I want people to have enough to eat. I want them to have decent homes. I want them to get along. That’s what I want.”&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[June 9, 1994] &lt;br /&gt;[Interview Runs: 31:01] &lt;br /&gt;[32:58 including b-roll]</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="193860">
                <text>Murphy, Kurt (Graphic Artist)</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1993-03-01&#13;
1994-06-09</text>
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                <text>2023-11-15</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Rich Newberg Reports Collection</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library (publisher of digital)</text>
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                <text>WIVB (Television Station : Buffalo, N.Y.)</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="193865">
                <text>Copyright held by WIVB-TV. Access to this digital version provided by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Videos or images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of WIVB-TV and the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="193866">
                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>Moving Image</text>
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                <text>Labor--New York (State)--Buffalo.</text>
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                <text>Playwriting.</text>
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