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                  <text>Posters were a very effective means of messaging throughout World War I.  They were pasted onto walls and billboards everywhere to reach the widest possible audience.  This form of propaganda, or “selling the war,” was used by both the Allies and the Central Powers to spark patriotism, raise funds and resources and foster hatred of the enemy.  The posters were the work of the illustrators of the day – styles and techniques are as diverse as the artists and their countries.  Although the United States came late to the war, it produced more WWI propaganda posters than any other country. </text>
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                  <text>&lt;em&gt;Original poster collection donated to the Grosvenor Library by Edward Michael.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>Poster Number: 453</text>
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                <text>Sir- don’t waste while your wife saves. Adopt the doctrine of the clean plate. Do your share.</text>
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                <text>The W.F. Powers Co. Lithograph : New York (Printer)</text>
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                <text>Early Twentieth Century (1900-1925)</text>
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                <text>Digital image copyright 2017 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="202647">
                <text>Digital image copyright 2025 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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                <text>Poster Number: 741</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Sladami Ojcow Naszych w Szeregach Armii Polskiej za Ojczyznei i Wolnosc</text>
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                <text>Benda, Wladislaw Theodore</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="22836">
                <text>Digital image copyright 2017 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;em&gt;Original poster collection donated to the Grosvenor Library by Edward Michael.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>Poster Number: 318</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Smart men wanted for the Irish Guards</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17320">
                <text>The Dangerfield Printing Co. Ltd. : London (Printer)</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="17330">
                <text>Digital image copyright 2017 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;em&gt;Original poster collection donated to the Grosvenor Library by Edward Michael.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>Poster Number: 260</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Soldiers, flys are one of your most dangerous enemies</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="16539">
                <text>Charles &amp; Read Ltd. : London (Printer)</text>
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                <text>Early Twentieth Century (1900-1925)</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16549">
                <text>Digital image copyright 2017 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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                <text>Picture postcard of Soldiers Circle in Buffalo, N.Y. At time of picture the location still had its guns on display. The statements, �not to be given away� and �recipient�, are on the card.</text>
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                <text>Postcards--New York (State)--Buffalo.</text>
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            <name>Medium</name>
            <description>The material or physical carrier of the resource.</description>
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                <text>picture postcards</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>ENG</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Buffalo and &amp; Erie County Public Library (Publisher of Digital)</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="202504">
                <text>Digital image copyright 2025 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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                  <text>World War I Posters Collection</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Posters were a very effective means of messaging throughout World War I.  They were pasted onto walls and billboards everywhere to reach the widest possible audience.  This form of propaganda, or “selling the war,” was used by both the Allies and the Central Powers to spark patriotism, raise funds and resources and foster hatred of the enemy.  The posters were the work of the illustrators of the day – styles and techniques are as diverse as the artists and their countries.  Although the United States came late to the war, it produced more WWI propaganda posters than any other country. </text>
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                  <text>&lt;em&gt;Original poster collection donated to the Grosvenor Library by Edward Michael.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
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              <text>30 x 20 in.</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Poster Number: 320</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Some types of H.M. Army</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="17346">
                <text>James Walker Ltd. : Dublin (Printer)</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>[1914-1918]</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Still image</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17351">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17352">
                <text>World War I Posters Collection</text>
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          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>Digital Collections of the B&amp;ECPL</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17355">
                <text>Early Twentieth Century (1900-1925)</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="17356">
                <text>Digital image copyright 2017 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35908">
                <text>eng</text>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37080">
                <text>Rare Book Room of the B&amp;ECPL  (repository)</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Historic Buffalo Theater and Music Programs</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;Fifty selected programs from the Grosvenor Room’s performing arts collections, featuring theatre, music, and dance productions. These programs are a representative sample of the entertainment available to Buffalo audiences from 1816 to 1951, and include local talent as well as internationally renowned performers. The featured items are from the following two collections:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;Theater Programs, 1816 - current&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Programs, playbills, and cast lists from theatrical venues in Buffalo, NY and vicinity. The bulk of the collection is from 1890 to 1950 and includes drama, comedy, vaudeville, minstrel, and musical theater productions held at more than 70 theaters. Traveling productions featured famous performers of every era, such as Edwin Booth, Maude Adams, John Barrymore, Rosalind Russell, Orson Welles, and Katharine Hepburn. Local ensembles and theater companies also document a vibrant entertainment community in Buffalo, including homegrown talent Katharine Cornell, dubbed "The First Lady of the Theatre” during her illustrious career.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;Music &amp;amp; Dance Programs, 1847 - current&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Programs, playbills, and cast lists of music and dance performances in Buffalo, NY and vicinity. The bulk of the collection is from 1860 to 1930 and includes performances of dance, opera, musical comedy, orchestras, chamber music, choirs, and instrumental ensembles. The majority of the programs are from music performances, and many venues hosted famous musicians and composers including Ignacy Jan Paderewski, Jenny Lind, Geraldine Farrar, Maurice Ravel, Walter Damrosch, Gustave Mahler, Lily Pons, and Serge Rachmaninoff. Buffalo also hosted opera companies, orchestras, and symphonies from New York City, Boston, Chicago, and Pittsburgh. Early Buffalo orchestras and singing societies, including the Buffalo Orpheus and Chromatic Club, are documented in this collection, as are the music halls, theatres, social clubs, museums, and other venues that hosted national and international performers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Theater programs -- New York (State) -- Buffalo.</text>
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                  <text>Concert programs -- New York (State) -- Buffalo.</text>
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      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Song Recital, Johanna Gadski </text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Convention Hall (Buffalo, N.Y.)</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Johanna Gadski was a German soprano known for her powerful voice. She was one of many international talents whose local performance was arranged by Mai Davis Smith, the first professional impresario in Buffalo.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>Gadski, Johanna, 1872-1932</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="29766">
                <text> La Forge, Frank, 1879-1953</text>
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                <text>Smith, Mai Davis</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1908-04-03</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="30561">
                <text>Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library (Publisher of digital)</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="30611">
                <text>Digital image copyright 2019 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>Digital Collections of the B&amp;ECPL</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Text</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="30812">
                <text>Buffalo Theater and Music Program Collection</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Concert programs -- New York (State) -- Buffalo.</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="30935">
                <text>Early Twentieth Century (1900-1925)</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="36538">
                <text>eng</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>image/jpeg</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>World War I Posters Collection</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="962">
                  <text>Posters were a very effective means of messaging throughout World War I.  They were pasted onto walls and billboards everywhere to reach the widest possible audience.  This form of propaganda, or “selling the war,” was used by both the Allies and the Central Powers to spark patriotism, raise funds and resources and foster hatred of the enemy.  The posters were the work of the illustrators of the day – styles and techniques are as diverse as the artists and their countries.  Although the United States came late to the war, it produced more WWI propaganda posters than any other country. </text>
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                  <text>&lt;em&gt;Original poster collection donated to the Grosvenor Library by Edward Michael.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
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              <text>29 x 19.5 in.</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Poster Number: 618</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Songs of today &amp; yesterday</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="21133">
                <text>Heywood Strasser &amp; Voight Lithograph Co. : New York (Printer)</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="21134">
                <text>[1917-1918]</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Still image</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>image/jpeg</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>World War I Posters Collection</text>
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            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>Digital Collections of the B&amp;ECPL</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Early Twentieth Century (1900-1925)</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="21143">
                <text>Digital image copyright 2017 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="36120">
                <text>eng</text>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>Rare Book Room of the B&amp;ECPL  (repository)</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;Fifty selected programs from the Grosvenor Room’s performing arts collections, featuring theatre, music, and dance productions. These programs are a representative sample of the entertainment available to Buffalo audiences from 1816 to 1951, and include local talent as well as internationally renowned performers. The featured items are from the following two collections:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;Theater Programs, 1816 - current&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Programs, playbills, and cast lists from theatrical venues in Buffalo, NY and vicinity. The bulk of the collection is from 1890 to 1950 and includes drama, comedy, vaudeville, minstrel, and musical theater productions held at more than 70 theaters. Traveling productions featured famous performers of every era, such as Edwin Booth, Maude Adams, John Barrymore, Rosalind Russell, Orson Welles, and Katharine Hepburn. Local ensembles and theater companies also document a vibrant entertainment community in Buffalo, including homegrown talent Katharine Cornell, dubbed "The First Lady of the Theatre” during her illustrious career.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;Music &amp;amp; Dance Programs, 1847 - current&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Programs, playbills, and cast lists of music and dance performances in Buffalo, NY and vicinity. The bulk of the collection is from 1860 to 1930 and includes performances of dance, opera, musical comedy, orchestras, chamber music, choirs, and instrumental ensembles. The majority of the programs are from music performances, and many venues hosted famous musicians and composers including Ignacy Jan Paderewski, Jenny Lind, Geraldine Farrar, Maurice Ravel, Walter Damrosch, Gustave Mahler, Lily Pons, and Serge Rachmaninoff. Buffalo also hosted opera companies, orchestras, and symphonies from New York City, Boston, Chicago, and Pittsburgh. Early Buffalo orchestras and singing societies, including the Buffalo Orpheus and Chromatic Club, are documented in this collection, as are the music halls, theatres, social clubs, museums, and other venues that hosted national and international performers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932</text>
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                <text>Schiller, Elizabeth</text>
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                <text>Straus, Jessie</text>
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                <text>John Philip Sousa was an American composer and conductor known as "The March King."  Buffalo's Convention Hall, a former armory, was a fitting setting for a program that featured a military march composed by Sousa.</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Digital image copyright 2019 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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                  <text>Posters were a very effective means of messaging throughout World War I.  They were pasted onto walls and billboards everywhere to reach the widest possible audience.  This form of propaganda, or “selling the war,” was used by both the Allies and the Central Powers to spark patriotism, raise funds and resources and foster hatred of the enemy.  The posters were the work of the illustrators of the day – styles and techniques are as diverse as the artists and their countries.  Although the United States came late to the war, it produced more WWI propaganda posters than any other country. </text>
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                  <text>&lt;em&gt;Original poster collection donated to the Grosvenor Library by Edward Michael.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>Poster Number: 850</text>
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                <text>Souscrivez pour la victoire</text>
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                <text>Outz, M. Richard</text>
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                <text>Early Twentieth Century (1900-1925)</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Digital image copyright 2017 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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                <text>Rare Book Room of the B&amp;ECPL  (repository)</text>
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                <text>Digital image copyright 2021 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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                <text>Digital Collections of the B&amp;ECPL</text>
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                <text>Early Twentieth Century (1900-1950)</text>
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                <text>Official publications of the Pan-American Exposition of 1901 describe only two sideshow-esque displays on people of African descent, "The Old Plantation" and "Darkest Africa."  There is no mention of a very different third exhibit, which aimed to be a testament to African American achievement and progress in the years following emancipation. This "Negro Exhibit" appears to haven been curated by James A. Ross, an African American newspaper publisher in Buffalo.  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This souvenir pamphlet contains photographs, a descriptive essay, a partial list of Buffalo's African American residents, advertisements from local businesses, and bibliography of African American publications.  The cover of the pamphlet states "Compliments of&lt;em&gt; Globe &amp;amp; Freeman," &lt;/em&gt;a periodical published by Ross.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Buffalo &amp;amp; Erie County Public Library holds the only known surviving copy of this pamphlet, which was discovered pasted into a &lt;a href="https://bepl.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/detailnonmodal/ent:$002f$002fSD_ILS$002f0$002fSD_ILS:1241614/one" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Pan-American Exposition scrapbook&lt;/a&gt; in the Rare Book Room.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on this pamphlet, see &lt;a href="https://bepl.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/detailnonmodal/ent:$002f$002fSD_ILS$002f0$002fSD_ILS:1114959/one" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Forgotten "Negro Exhibit&lt;/a&gt;" publication created by the Library in 2001.</text>
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                <text>Rare Book Room of the B&amp;ECPL  (repository)</text>
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                  <text>Ann Montgomery's Little Harlem</text>
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                  <text>The Little Harlem Club/Hotel on Michigan Avenue in Buffalo was owned and operated by Ann Montgomery from the 1930s through early 1960s, during which time Count Basie, Louis Armstrong, Billie Holiday and others performed. While this club coexisted with the Colored Musicians Club and other clubs like it in its time period, Ann Montgomery was the distinguishing factor. Montgomery’s style and business sense and the fact that she was an African-American businesswoman were the rare combination then that made her and the Little Harlem unique.</text>
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                <text>Souvenir Program : 14th Anniversary : Ann Montgomery's Little Harlem</text>
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                <text>Little Harlem Club (Buffalo, N.Y.)</text>
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                <text>Little Harlem Band</text>
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                <text>African American dancers</text>
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                <text>Souvenir Program for the 14th Anniversary of the Little Harlem Club. Features a map of the club's location, labeled "the Gayest Spot in Buffalo." Also features: portraits of Ann Montgomery and Harold Tyler, club staff members, and performing artists, advertisements for local businesses, anniversary show schedule. Original copy of program previously owned by bassist Wendel Arter and signed by much of the staff in parting.</text>
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                <text>Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library (Publisher of digital)</text>
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                <text>1942</text>
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                <text>Ann Montgomery's Little Harlem</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Digital collection copyright 2016 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. This collection or portions thereof are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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        <name>Music</name>
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                  <text>World War I Posters Collection</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Posters were a very effective means of messaging throughout World War I.  They were pasted onto walls and billboards everywhere to reach the widest possible audience.  This form of propaganda, or “selling the war,” was used by both the Allies and the Central Powers to spark patriotism, raise funds and resources and foster hatred of the enemy.  The posters were the work of the illustrators of the day – styles and techniques are as diverse as the artists and their countries.  Although the United States came late to the war, it produced more WWI propaganda posters than any other country. </text>
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                  <text>&lt;em&gt;Original poster collection donated to the Grosvenor Library by Edward Michael.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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      <name>Still Image</name>
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              <text>30.75 x 16 in.</text>
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                <text>Poster Number: 767</text>
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                <text>Special Appeal to Farmer Patriots</text>
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                <text>World War I Posters Collection</text>
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                <text>Early Twentieth Century (1900-1925)</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="23118">
                <text>Digital image copyright 2017 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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                <text>Rare Book Room of the B&amp;ECPL  (repository)</text>
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                  <text>Rich Newberg Reports Collection</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>This collection of long-form reports by retired WIVB-TV Senior Correspondent Rich Newberg covers a wide range of social issues, Buffalo history and the arts. Mr. Newberg retired from the Buffalo CBS network affiliate at the end of 2015, after serving the station for thirty-seven years in various roles including main anchor, reporter and documentarian. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;His New York Emmy Award winning pieces explore the abortion debate, care of the mentally ill, the African American struggle for civil rights, and the lessons of the Holocaust, among many topics. His video memoir, “One Reporter’s Journey, “ reflects on his forty-six year career, beginning as an advocate for those without a voice. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"My hope," says Newberg, “is that this collection will provide a lasting chronicle of life and issues in Buffalo during the latter part of the 20th century and into the new millennium."</text>
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                <text>Spring of Life : Abortion Battleground in Buffalo</text>
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                <text>&lt;div&gt;Following Easter Sunday in 1992, the pro-life group Operation Rescue staged its “Spring of Life” demonstrations in front of several Western New York abortion clinics. Anti-abortion activists had been invited by Buffalo mayor Jimmy Griffin to stage their demonstrations in Western New York. New York State abortion law had gone into effect in 1970, allowing abortions during the first 24 weeks of pregnancy. &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Operation Rescue founder Randall Terry and national director Rev. Keith Tucci made appearances. The campaign was modeled after a 46 day protest a year earlier in Wichita, Kansas. During those “Summer of Mercy” sit-ins and blockades, 2,600 people were arrested. Three abortion clinics were closed for a week. &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The Buffalo demonstrations lasted two weeks, resulting in more than 620 arrests. Many pro-choice activists showed up, locking arms in front of the clinics, preventing them from closing.  During the two weeks of demonstrations, one rear driveway to the Buffalo GYN Womenservices clinic on Main Street was blocked for a few hours.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The “Spring of Life” demonstrations attracted national media attention, and served as the lead news story on the nation’s major networks. The Rev. Robert Schenck, an anti-abortion activist, was arrested for disorderly conduct after carrying a 19 week old human fetus and holding it up to abortion-rights demonstrators. His brother Paul, also a minister, was arrested for trespassing after boarding the bus where his brother was being held by the police.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Dr. Barnett Slepian, who provided abortions at a women’s clinic Buffalo, was one of five doctors targeted by anti-abortion demonstrators. His house was picketed and he became increasingly concerned about the safety of his family and his own vulnerability. Six years after the Spring of Life demonstrations he was assassinated in his suburban Buffalo home while preparing soup in his kitchen. James Kopp, the man convicted of his murder, had been nicknamed “Atomic Dog” by radical elements in the anti-abortion movement.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;i&gt;Originally aired on WIVB-TV.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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                <text>Description from creator.</text>
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                <text>Buffalo and &amp; Erie County Public Library (Publisher of Digital)</text>
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          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="200458">
                <text>Still Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="80">
            <name>Medium</name>
            <description>The material or physical carrier of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="200460">
                <text>photographic postcards</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="200461">
                <text>ENG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="202356">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="202597">
                <text>Digital image copyright 2025 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
              </elementText>
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</itemContainer>
