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                  <text>Posters were a very effective means of messaging throughout World War I.  They were pasted onto walls and billboards everywhere to reach the widest possible audience.  This form of propaganda, or “selling the war,” was used by both the Allies and the Central Powers to spark patriotism, raise funds and resources and foster hatred of the enemy.  The posters were the work of the illustrators of the day – styles and techniques are as diverse as the artists and their countries.  Although the United States came late to the war, it produced more WWI propaganda posters than any other country. </text>
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                  <text>&lt;em&gt;Original poster collection donated to the Grosvenor Library by Edward Michael.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                  <text>This collection of long-form reports by retired WIVB-TV Senior Correspondent Rich Newberg covers a wide range of social issues, Buffalo history and the arts. Mr. Newberg retired from the Buffalo CBS network affiliate at the end of 2015, after serving the station for thirty-seven years in various roles including main anchor, reporter and documentarian. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;His New York Emmy Award winning pieces explore the abortion debate, care of the mentally ill, the African American struggle for civil rights, and the lessons of the Holocaust, among many topics. His video memoir, “One Reporter’s Journey, “ reflects on his forty-six year career, beginning as an advocate for those without a voice. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"My hope," says Newberg, “is that this collection will provide a lasting chronicle of life and issues in Buffalo during the latter part of the 20th century and into the new millennium."</text>
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                <text>Joseph Christopher, a white Buffalo native who suffered from paranoid schizophrenia, began his killing spree on September 22, 1980. Within a 36 hour period, using a sawed-off .22 caliber rifle, Christopher murdered four African American men. Two weeks earlier he had sought to be admitted to the Buffalo Psychiatric Center but was deemed not to be a danger to himself or others. Psychiatric counseling was recommended. &#13;
&#13;
Catherine Pelonero, author of the book “Absolute Madness,” makes the case that “Christopher’s crimes might have been prevented if he had received the psychiatric help he was seeking.” Ms. Pelonero provides the on-camera introduction and conclusion to this compilation of WIVB-TV reports.  &#13;
&#13;
An intensive search for “The .22 Caliber Killer” ensued after the first four homicides.&#13;
Two more African American men were murdered on October 8th and 9th. They were taxi cab drivers who had their hearts cut out. Christopher would later confess to these two killings, although evidence pointed away from Christopher as the perpetrator. Both cases remain open and unsolved.&#13;
&#13;
In November 1980, Christopher enlisted in the U.S. Army. While on Christmas furlough, he journeyed to Manhattan and, on December 22nd, allegedly stabbed four people to death. He then became known as “The Midtown Slasher.”&#13;
&#13;
A week later, on December 29th, after returning to Buffalo, another black man was stabbed to death. The following day, on December 30th, an African American male in Rochester was slashed and died from his injuries.&#13;
 &#13;
In January, Christopher reported back to his Army base at Fort Benning, Georgia and attacked a black soldier with a knife. The soldier lived and Christopher was confined to the stockade, where he attempted to take his own life with a razor.&#13;
 &#13;
In a session with a psychiatrist at the base, it has been reported that Christopher said he “had to” kill Blacks. At that point, Christopher’s home was searched by the police. They found evidence linking him to three murders. In April 1981, Joseph Christopher was indicted based on this evidence. &#13;
 &#13;
At his trial in 1982, Christopher rejected attempts by his mother to provide him with lawyers. He represented himself before a trial judge and was found guilty. However, the ruling was overturned because the judge had not allowed psychiatric testimony about Christopher’s mental ability to stand trial.&#13;
 &#13;
In 1985, after being found competent to stand trial, he was again found guilty and sent to Attica Correctional Facility. At the prison he was quoted to have claimed credit for thirteen  killings. Author Pelonero says Christopher allegedly claimed eighteen victims during “a savage four month reign of terror…” &#13;
&#13;
Christopher died in prison on March 1, 1993. Although it was reported at the time that he died of a rare form of male breast cancer, Ms. Pelonero’s research determined that the cause of death was testicular cancer. He was 37 years old. &#13;
&#13;
This compilation of WIVB-TV news reports includes the manhunt for Christopher and a massive Buffalo rally against racism. Reporter Rich Newberg traveled with photographer Mike Mombrea, Jr. to Fort Benning, Georgia for first hand accounts from soldiers in Joseph Christopher’s barracks. This retrospective also includes special WIVB-TV coverage of an appearance by the Reverend Jesse Jackson, during Christopher’s reign of terror. &#13;
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                <text>Copyright held by WIVB-TV. Access to this digital version provided by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Videos or images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of WIVB-TV and the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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                <text>Picture postcard of Lafayette Square, image is centered around a large monument with views of the city around it. The card has a message made out to [illegible].</text>
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                <text>Pour la France versez votre or. L'Or Combat Pour La Victoire.</text>
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                <text>Two selected stories from The Fables of Aesop.  Illustrated by Thomas Bewick [1759-1828], the lauded naturalist illustrator, this 1818 edition of The Fables of Aesop  ​is specially bound with a title page and 50 plates from  an earlier 1793 London edition.  Bewick's intricate wood engravings show his great skill and his love for the subjects. In fact, he illustrated various editions Aesop’s fables in his career. </text>
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                <text>Children's Books</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library (Publisher of digital)&#13;
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Digital image copyright 2020 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>Rare Book Room of the B&amp;ECPL  (repository)</text>
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                  <text>Postcards from the Rare Book Room's collection. Primarily picture and photographic postcards of Buffalo &amp; Erie County locations, with a variety of publishers and production methods. </text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>Albert M. Wilson, Buffalo, N.Y. (Publisher of Orginal), Buffalo and &amp; Eire County Public Library (Publisher of Digital)</text>
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                <text>picture postcards</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="202660">
                <text>Digital image copyright 2025 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Black and white picture postcard of the AKG Art Museum, written out to John Allan [illegible]</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>The Meriden Gravure Company (printer)</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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            <name>Medium</name>
            <description>The material or physical carrier of the resource.</description>
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                <text>picture postcards</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>ENG</text>
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                <text>image/jpeg</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="202720">
                <text>Digital image copyright 2025 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                <text>The Meriden Gravure Company (printer)</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Digital image copyright 2025 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>The Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library’s Children's Book Collection reflects the long history of a public library that appreciates and collects many types of children’s literature. The Buffalo Public Library was one of the first libraries in the United States to have a separate Children’s Room in the 1890s and from those early days, the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library’s Rare Book Room has amassed a significant collection of children’s books. Presented here are a few fine examples of colorful ABC and picture books, significantly illustrated fables and fairy tales, and familiar nursery rhymes.</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Andersen, H. C. (Hans Christian), 1805-1875</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The Emperor's New Clothes, is a selection from Stories of Hans Andersen published in New York and London in 1911. This book contains twenty eight tipped in color plates illustrated by Edmund Dulac [1882-1953]. His fantastic imagery lends a dream-like feel to the many books he illustrated.</text>
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Children's stories, Danish--Translations into English&#13;
Children's stories, Danish&#13;
Dulac, Edmund--illustrator.</text>
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                <text>Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library (Publisher of digital)</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="34058">
                <text>Digital image copyright 2020 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
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                <text>Digital Collections of the B&amp;ECPL</text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                  <text>The Pan-American Sheet Music collection consists of 25 song titles written for the 1901 Exposition in Buffalo, New York, and one title written for the Buffalo Midsummer Exposition in 1909.  It  includes popular songs,  instrumental piano for band music, a hymn to President McKinley, and an original manuscript.  &#13;
&#13;
This sheet music collection is presented as originally created. Several cover images and lyrics contain instances of racism and cultural stereotyping.&#13;
&#13;
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34687">
                <text>Digital collection copyright 2021 by the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. This collection or portions thereof are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of the Buffalo &amp; Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34688">
                <text>Digital Collections of the B&amp;ECPL</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34691">
                <text>Late Nineteenth Century (1875-1900)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="36742">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="36872">
                <text>Grosvenor Room of the B&amp;ECPL  (repository)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37694">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
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</itemContainer>
