Title
The Buffalo Story: History Happens Here
Description
“The Buffalo Story: History Happens Here” aired on June 7, 2021 as a local primetime special on WIVB-TV. The documentary features major events covered by the station’s news department and illustrates the contributions of Buffalo’s broadcast journalists and the value of local television news archives and their potential to inform, educate and uplift the communities they represent.
The two major segments in the first half of the program deal with the pursuit of racial and environmental justice in the Buffalo-Niagara region. Buffalo’s legendary role in the civil rights movement and the notorious Love Canal disaster are revisited through key archival news and documentary footage.
The second half features Buffalo’s prominence as a television market for news and its ties to many historic developments and events of national and international significance. Examples include the terminus of the Erie Canal, the Buffalo woman shot along with Pope John Paul II during an assassination attempt, and the four consecutive Super Bowl appearances by the Buffalo Bills in the 1990s.
The one hour program highlights efforts by the Buffalo Broadcasters Association (BBA) to preserve the images on early news film and videotape before they deteriorate and are lost forever. It is written and hosted by WIVB-TV’s retired senior correspondent Rich Newberg. He was instrumental in laying the groundwork for the BBA’s Archive Project sixteen years earlier.
Newberg’s fellow producer and editor Tom Vetter also worked at WIVB-TV as a news photographer. Newberg and Vetter created the station’s documentary unit in 1999. Some segments of their New York Emmy Award winning pieces appear in this documentary.
Veteran WIVB anchor Jacquie Walker co-produced the program along with WIVB graphic arts director Kurt Murphy.
“The Buffalo Story: History Happens Here” is more than just a history lesson or a tribute to the local broadcast journalists who provided an extraordinary chronicle of life-changing events. It is a call to action to preserve the news footage that helped define a region and in some cases, a nation.
The two major segments in the first half of the program deal with the pursuit of racial and environmental justice in the Buffalo-Niagara region. Buffalo’s legendary role in the civil rights movement and the notorious Love Canal disaster are revisited through key archival news and documentary footage.
The second half features Buffalo’s prominence as a television market for news and its ties to many historic developments and events of national and international significance. Examples include the terminus of the Erie Canal, the Buffalo woman shot along with Pope John Paul II during an assassination attempt, and the four consecutive Super Bowl appearances by the Buffalo Bills in the 1990s.
The one hour program highlights efforts by the Buffalo Broadcasters Association (BBA) to preserve the images on early news film and videotape before they deteriorate and are lost forever. It is written and hosted by WIVB-TV’s retired senior correspondent Rich Newberg. He was instrumental in laying the groundwork for the BBA’s Archive Project sixteen years earlier.
Newberg’s fellow producer and editor Tom Vetter also worked at WIVB-TV as a news photographer. Newberg and Vetter created the station’s documentary unit in 1999. Some segments of their New York Emmy Award winning pieces appear in this documentary.
Veteran WIVB anchor Jacquie Walker co-produced the program along with WIVB graphic arts director Kurt Murphy.
“The Buffalo Story: History Happens Here” is more than just a history lesson or a tribute to the local broadcast journalists who provided an extraordinary chronicle of life-changing events. It is a call to action to preserve the news footage that helped define a region and in some cases, a nation.
Contributor
Date
2021-06-07
Subject
Source
Rich Newberg Reports Collection
Publisher
Moments In Time Video, Inc. & TVRE Productions, Inc.
Buffalo & Erie County Public Library (publisher of digital)
Rights
Copyright held by Moments In Time Video, Inc. & TVRE Productions, Inc.
Access to this digital version provided by the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Videos or images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of Rich Newberg, Tom Vetter, WIVB-TV and the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.
Access to this digital version provided by the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Videos or images in this collection are not to be used for any commercial purposes without the expressed written permission of Rich Newberg, Tom Vetter, WIVB-TV and the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Users of this website are free to utilize material from this collection for non-commercial and educational purposes.
Type
Moving Image
Format
Moving Image/mp4
Language
Coverage
Transcription
Hello, I'm Richard Newberg. It's good to be with you again. You know, after covering us in western New York for close to four decades, I think I can be sure of at least one thing. Buffalo has a compelling story to tell. Why? Because of the resilience of our people. And because of our incredible place in history, that we lost buffalo more than I could sell buffalo to anybody anywhere. I'm here to report now that the buffalo story is being told, as it's never been told before.
The birth of the civil rights movement. I began in the 1960s, It began here in Niagara about 100 years ago.
The place where the movement for Environmental Justice found his voice
Scream and holler and be heard.
The gateway to the West that once fueled the nation's economy, and now gives new life to the place where it all started.
I've been here 50 years. It's the first time that people are optimistic.
The Buffalo story comes to life when viewed through the lens of local television news. That cameras have been rolling for three quarters of a century. But there is a problem. We are in danger of actually losing this living chronicle of our history. The reels of news film, and the 1000s of videotapes that hold the images of our story are deteriorating.
This is really the beginning of discovery for us. You've invented a giant time capsule. For all intents and purposes. WIVB was the first station to work with the buffalo Broadcasters Association and efforts to rescue our moving image history and make it available to new generations so they can learn some valuable lessons from our past
What is going to happen to 15 percent unemployment in general area?
We are video archive where the video Memory Keepers. Nobody else has that and if we don't do something about it, it's lost.
Other stations have now joined the mission. It is a massive effort that keeps our history alive. My hope is that you will see the value and all of this as we've used some of the big stories out of buffalo in western New York that made a difference.
For now, perhaps more than ever, our resilience is being put to the test as we emerge from the global pandemic and confront the social issues that have been tearing us apart. It may very well be the lessons of the Buffalo story that bring us all together again.
We know that we're oppressed. We know that this is a system that oppresses us
As an African American, individual, black female, I do understand why some protesters may feel that they're still or we, as black people are still oppressed because to some extent, we are
We Shall overcome some day..
And professionally I think the Buffalo Police Department has done a great job with working with the community trying to hear the voice of the community. I know the mayor has appointed a commission to examine police policies.
We honor your right to protest and we will protect your right to protest but there is no place for agitators who are trying to incite violence and create mischief in our community.
Frustrations over racial injustice and excessive use of force by the police have played out violently on Buffalo streets before. And it is because we have these moving images. This incredible window to the past that we are able to question just how far we've come during the past half century
While I was growing up. The police officer was the enemy of the occupying force.
After witnessing the beating of an innocent black youth in Buffalo during a rock throwing incident in the late 60s, John Eberhard decided to take the police exam as an act of self defense
I joined the police department to protect myself from the police
More than 20 years after the riots of the 60s, Buffalo citizens were still demonstrating against alleged police brutality aimed at people of color
On my face was South Africa, United States or my face was South Africa and what's going on all over the world.
Just about two weeks after the hearing in Buffalo, Archbishop Desmond Tutu of South Africa visited the Queen City asking for support in his fight against the official separation of the races in his country. And we say something that can allow such things to happen. is easy.
And he spoke against those who advocate for violence to achieve their goal of white supremacy.
You know what's happened in your own country, to people who have been involved in the Civil Rights Movement. What's happened to people like Martin Luther King Jr.
Archbishop Tutu his visit also put the spotlight on Buffalo's marginalized inner city where civil rights leaders were worried about a permanent underclass of citizens due to institutional racism.
Racism is still alive and well, but the problem has mushroomed considerably, much larger than it was in 1968 for our community.
This Buffalo rally against racism in January of 1981 drew national attention about 500 demonstrators confronted white supremacists who threatened to disrupt the city. Only two white supremacists showed up.
We put him down, we put the Nazis and the klan down. We have a first round
It was a time when 1000s of people from all backgrounds united together in Buffalo, another time of crisis when black men were being gunned down by Joseph Christopher, the so called 22 caliber killer who is still at large. The statement behind the rally was profound.
That violence against any one segment of the population is violence against all.
While trying to drink from a whites only water fountain during a trip down south Don Dawkins was yanked away by his fearful mother when he was just a child. He became a TV news photographer at WIVB and was determined to use his skills in Buffalo to confront the reality of racism. Dawn passed away in 2007, but was successful in highlighting the lives of African Americans in Buffalo who made great contributions to the civil rights movement.
A lot of these stories emanating from predominantly communities of color were negative. And so don wanted to share positive stories he used to tell me we've done some we've done good stuff, but it's stories aren't told.
Dawkins created a series of Black History specials, even making cameo appearances as an enslaved man seeking refuge in what was the Michigan Street Baptist Church built by African Americans in Buffalo?
The church's hidden treasure that these school children are about to discover is beyond a wall in the basement. A dark damp, chilling glimpse into the past a sanctuary within a sanctuary away from the gaze of bounty hunters. That was a false wall that you could move and push them in there and then move the wall
Black young people do not know where they came from. If I don't know where I came from. Well my god..
thanks to WIVBS willingness to make these stories available to students. Buffalo school children are learning where they came from, and about those giants of the civil rights movement, present and past who made history in Western New York.
History is coming alive in a way that no textbook could express.
I'm looking for this woman.
I want you to think of a character trait that you might be able to describe Harriet and all her accomplishments
She really cared and was confident of risking her life after even if there was after
her.
Maybe a little hard for her because she had to weed all one people out of the slavery and she didn't want to get caught by boundary.
They are even learning that some of Harriet Tubman descendants settled in Buffalo
Growing up. The only people who really knew about Harriet Tubman was her family
..That we live in a place where such as mark of history, what was
They are particularly intrigued by the story of Arthur Eve, as they watch W IVB News Highlights of his life
..That people of goodwill will vote for candidate regardless of race color upgrade.
The fierce advocate for civil rights to become Buffalo's first African American having served as New York deputy assembly speaker and negotiate who tries to avoid bloodshed during the Attica prison uprising of 1971.
He did not succeed in those efforts, but never gave up the fight for racial justice and equality. What kind of character traits might you say that Mr. Eve portrays?
He was determined to end segregation and, and the other one that was that he was a leader because he led the civil rights movement.
So imagine their excitement when they actually met a living legend of the civil rights movement, who also happens to be their school's namesake. They will never forget these observations from our theory, after he looked into their faces, to see hope. Hope.
Absolutely.
We will get
No question in my mind that we keep working hard, we will succeed.
People who cannot remember their past are condemned to repeat it. We're not going back that way. We did.
This defining moment. Change has come to America. This is history.
No words in describing this journey. You don't know the feeling that I have at this moment and being a part of this from the very beginning and being here tonight to know that the next president of these United States will be rock Obama, the first African American I want to be remembered as a caregiver as a wise old man full of love and hospitality.
Julie was stillborn. My child may be a direct result to the chemicals. Please don't allow this to happen anyone else before you get them out?
Scream and holler and be heard
This is what Love Canal looks like today. A vast and desolate fenced in the area. Those of us who covered the Love Canal disaster for our western New York television viewers knew the story would have a ripple effect because of what it revealed about toxic contamination. It became what prosecutors called a national symbol for corporate irresponsibility. Long before TV news cameras were around an entrepreneur named William love broke ground for a canal in 1894. It was about seven miles from Niagara Falls. He planned to divert one from the mighty Niagara River to help power a modern industrial city that he and his investors hope to create. The project never happened. The giant ditch that Mr. Love created just became a dumping ground for 20,000 tons of toxic chemical waste from the auto chemical and plastics Corporation and the US military. In 1953, hooker sold the property to the Niagara Falls School District for $1. homes and schools were built on the site of that toxic burial ground. And then chemicals began surfacing into people's homes and the property around them and there was a terrible human price to be paid. I lost me what was even one an extraordinary has stillborn. Her son is sick this person's child is sick. How many kids have to be sick how many buckets have to die? We're not going to let it happen.
Michael Brown, a rookie reporter for the Niagara Gazette wrote his story after going door to door in the Love Canal neighborhood in 1978.
In case after case, door after door house after house I you know people were telling me litany of different problems whether it's was miscarriages or or, or cancers that they thought were peculiar. So this became a journalistic obsession of mine.
Like when you started talking about 99th grade elementary school is when it clicked for me because my son who was perfectly healthy is one years old when we moved into our Love Canal home. Since the time we moved there, kept getting sicker and sicker and sicker.
What do you do for my kid? What are you gonna do?
A leader of the homeowners emerge. Lois skins
I can't see anything going on in the state of New York it is more important that these people lie.
The state of New York initially announced it would evacuate only pregnant women and children under two who lived closest to the dumpsite. What do you do? I got my three year old back to back now.
When Niagara County lawmakers would not support the relocation of residence. Lewis Gibbs lashed out as our cameras were rolling .
The media especially television is so important that it is the platform the bully pulpit, if you will, in which you can not only get your message out, but you can also provide the pressure on those who need to be pressured to do the right thing.
The discovery of dioxins one of the most lethal chemicals ever created by humans and us to defoliate the jungles of Vietnam during the war, raised fears to a new level. The United States only knew what was in that canal and still they let their children go to that school. They let citizens build homes over here if I remember being in the White House, where the army came in full dress and said no sir, we did not dump there. And they lied to the White House representatives that was fascinating to me was the fact that when they dropped the drum in there and they would open up it was like a machine that you know you know the flames fire everything went to near
I said this created a fantastic uproar and a lot more national publicity.
On October 4 1979, actress and activist Jane Fonda and husband Tom hay, paid a visit to the Love Canal neighbor to lend their support.
This is a tragedy of such immense human proportions that it's very difficult to tell talk. We've had a short bus ride where we have an opportunity to talk to some of the people in some detail about what they've gone through the children they've lost the miscarriages, the husbands, they've lost their lives in the torment.. it's unbelievable. Because it happens in America today.
Jane Fonda coming brought that media attention in which we could say President Carter you got to do the right thing. With buffalo television news cameras rolling. Lois Gibbs made it clear that Love Canal residents were making their case directly to the White House.
You have to keep the pressure on President Carter. We have to create more pressure than the Cubans coming in on Florida. Then the fall people and I found it. They demanded a federal buyer of their homes.
I'm 65 years old almost. I'm sick and tired of being a yo yo Oh this way. That way. Oh the other way. Why don't you get a hold on where you're pulling me down the road. All I want. I want I don't want to be relocated. All I want is my 28 Five and give it to me tonight and road and I'll never look back at the Love Canal again.
May 16 1980 Rare chromosomal damage is found in a sampling of Love Canal residents.
We found two particular characteristics in this study, which are ominous
I just want to get my kids away from your work in the factories out in the first year or maybe they can have a decent life. I don't know. My son's probably already permanently damaged.
That was the straw that broke the camel's back.
The fact that we now know that the chemicals are in the home that they got into the people and they caused chromosome damage in the people indicates that miscarriages and the birth defects and cancer is a result of living in this neighborhood.
We have got abnormalities in our chromosomes and we've known it all along that on our street alone. There has been already eight cases of cancer on a 15 How street may 19 1982. EPA officials are held hostage for six hours if we do not have a disaster declaration Wednesday by now then what they have seen here today is just a Sesame Street picnic.
Two days later, President Jimmy Carter declared the Love Canal neighborhood a national emergency and agreed to evacuate all Love Canal families and on October 1 1980, President Carter came to Niagara Falls to announce that all the Love Canal families who wish to leave their homes would be provided the money to permanently relocate.
There's really no way to make adequate restitution for that kind of suffering. But this agreement will at least give the founders of the area some 750 of them the financial freedom to pack up and leave if they choose to do so.
The President singled out the woman he called the grassroots leader of the Love Canal residents lowest good for special recognition without her impassioned advocacy and dedication. There might have never been a love for now emergency declaration and this agreement might never have come to pass. There must never be in our country. Another Love Canal. Our Love Canal. Mr. President, what can I say?
New York we love you today.
When people are right in people peacefully demonstrate and speak truth to power. That's how democracy works. And then we got what we need. I believe that every American has a fundamental right to breathe clean air and clean water. I know that we haven't fulfilled that. fulfilling this basic obligation all Americans especially low income, white, black, brown and Native American communities. It's not going to be easy but it's absolutely necessary.
Fandemonium?
It's phenomenal It's pandemonium. It's fantastic. All those things that we will take our grave with us is the times that stripping our heart going to the Super Bowl I'm gonna see my Bills
Jackie Walker covered all four consecutive Super Bowls for the fans back home.
And I was able to bring the viewers the excitement, the experience, the sights, the smells. The stories of people who have to the car without a ticket and just drove to the Super Bowl city. fire the shot heard
round the world now on the way
Though the bills came up short each time as painful as it was, the fans show great pride and unwavering support for the team. I cried after that feel that message later. This treasured piece of video history. illustrating the undying dedication of the NFL is greatest fans was resurrected when the bills made another run for the Super Bowl in 2020.
Intercepted by Derek Johnson and he breaks it out and is still on the run. He may go all the way he's in the Baltimore 40 to 30 gets a block at the 25.
It time to put history into perspective. The moving images from three decades ago had to be rescued from the tape archives before they were lost forever. videotapes have a limited shelf life and their contents must be digitally saved in order to survive.
It is crashing if you want to tell a story. And you can't find that historical footage. The record on buffalo is a gateway for the product of the entire Great Lakes region which are sent to the eastern part of the United States.
This 1948 documentary was rescued from the central library in Buffalo. It gives us a glimpse into our post war status as an industrial powerhouse of buffalo provide part of the steel which is a basic material for our country's industries. At its peak, Bethlehem Steel employed 22,000 workers.
By 1962 This plant was pumping out six and a half million tons of steel. My first big assignment was to do a story on the history of Bethlehem Steel, and what it meant to Buffalo. It was part of the DNA of buffalo
but the plant that put generations of Western New Yorkers to work suffered catastrophic layoffs in the summer of 1977 3500 jobs
..will be eliminated at Bethlehem Steel in Lackawanna
Plant profits had plummeted, and Lackawanna became a city of rusted dreams, two days after Christmas 1982 Bethlehem Steel announced it would stop making steel in Lackawanna. This is a sad day for the Lackawanna plant. And for the people who have worked here what has happened to the one strong industrial base here in Western New York.
And the question most steel workers are asking tonight, what will happen to me it's hard to believe when they told me I wouldn't I wouldn't stake my life on it that they wouldn't do it.
What are your feelings say You know, you only got a few more days to go.
I feel bad about it. Take my livelihood. If you didn't live through it, never understand the impact that the closure of the steel mills and other types of blue collar industries had on this community and created a psychological impact that it took decades for this community to get on.
A billboard reading well the last worker out of Western New York, please turn out the light came to symbolize a region in serious economic decline.
It would be years before buffalo turned to its greatest resource for three birth, the waterfront, rebuilding the Inner Harbor based on the theme of the legendary Erie Canal which once served as the nation's gateway to the West.
This incredible rebranding of Buffalo, based on its storied waterfront history was recorded in its entirety and featured in WI VB documentaries, which are now available to the public through the Buffalo and Erie County Public Library website. We are approaching the 200 year anniversary of the Erie Canal in 2025.
What really makes us special is our water and our access to the water and formed us. We lost access to it during the industrial period. We're finding it again.
And as we rediscover the history of one of the world's toughest and most colorful waterfronts were the Erie Canal hooked up with Lake Erie. We are learning more about the men who scooped grain out of the giant freighters. The late Mayor Jimmy Griffin was one of them.
You had to dust and the dust was tough but we were talking about you had to wear the mask. It's tough breathing with the mask. Well we go to lunch we go to a gym and most of the time and we get so we used to say don't wild a dust or Washington dust. You know, the more we know our history, the better citizens we're going to be because we're going to care more. So that's where we get these teachable moments.
They can be iconic moments like this at a precise turning point in our own local history. One generation built the Erie Canal. Another generation buried it in a new generation. This generation. Read Now Kate's this project to the future of buffalo in Western New York.
Hello, Buffalo I met as you may remember me as televisions is no nonsense news director Luke grant. If you think about it, journalists provide us with our first draft of history. Right here in Buffalo, more than 15 years of TV news coverage is being brought back to life.
Local stations are working with the Buffalo Broadcasters Association to bring back the stories that helped define the Niagara Frontier.
The fast lane neighborhood drifts reached to the rooftops it's called the archive project. And I supported with all my heart Sophie. can teach it can illuminate even a challenging time. Today is our way of thanking our heroes from Western New York. For the service they dedicated their lifestyles to protect us serve our country. keep our country free.
I can do so only to the extent that humans are determined to use it to those.
Remember, those are not here. That's a while remember most otherwise it's nothing but wires and lights in a box.
As the Buffalo Broadcasters Association moves forward, trying to rescue our local TV news, film and videotape before it's too late. A bigger picture emerges of decades of local television coverage that would have made Morrow proud.
Terrorists can destroy steel in concrete, but they cannot destroy our spirit. Buffalo televisions extraordinary potential to teach, illuminate and inspire stems in part from the depth of coverage of its news teams.
We knew that staying home just wasn't an option. group of us felt we had to go there and we had to go there now. So we got there as quick as we possibly could.
From the buffalo response to 911 To the families who lost loved ones in a plane crash in clouds and worked so hard to strengthen FAA regulations...
We chased the buffalo story wherever it took us, including the Persian Gulf, covering our Air Force reservists out of Niagara Falls as they prepare for the first Gulf War.
We have the best the best mission liability record in the Middle East for all the C 130s. There are over here.
There was one mission in western New York that simply could not fail finding a way to pump 600,000 gallons of high level radioactive waste at West Valley out of underground holding tanks with a limited shelf life. West Valley is about 30 miles south of Buffalo and the health and safety of everyone in the region was at stake, some 600,000 gallons of lethally radioactive liquid waste that must be disposed of a biotechnology that has never been developed.
The mission was successful. Scientists and engineers found a way to turn the dangerous liquid waste into a glass like solid for safer storage. Environmental activists were able to stop more nuclear waste from coming into what had become a radioactive waste dump site.
You got to stop this madness that's going on in our town.
We will go to the courts. We will go to Congress not just once but over and over and over
Will the latest weapon in the war against cancer bring hope to patients for whom other treatments fail the story tonight on the CBS Evening News with Dan Rather.
In this footage rescued from the archives, the nation learned about the breakthrough cancer therapy developed by Buffalo researcher Dr. Thomas Doherty. We made the journey to China and Japan with him as he shared his method for shrinking tumors we can
It would ultimately destroy the cancer and not irreversibly harm the normal tissue either around it or nearby.
That same year, we covered Holocaust survivors from Buffalo joining 1000s of fellow survivors and their loved ones at a historic gathering in the nation's capitol.
A year later, Tibor Baranski of Buffalo was honored as one of the Righteous Among the Nations. He helped save 1000s of Jewish lives while working with Christian groups in Hungary during the Holocaust.
Evil is not all powerful, it is possible to break it for one human being to stand up is broken.
We were horrified to learn that a western New Yorker Timothy McVeigh was the Oklahoma City bomber, who blew up the Murray Federal Building, killing 168 people and injuring hundreds more.
Every where you went. in Oklahoma City. There was someone standing on a street corner weeping, weeping.
What they were going through was pure hell.
Former web news photographer Tom Vetter, covered the story in Oklahoma City with Jackie Walker and gotten to know Tim McVeigh's father Bill,
All the sudden he's thrust into the international spotlight as having a son as a terrorist. And he used to say to us all the time, to me, he's just Timmy he's my son. That's probably think about when he was a kid.
Timothy paid for his crime with his life and how shocking was it to learn that six young Yemeni Americans from Lackawanna were charged with providing material support to al Qaeda after attending terrorist training camp in Afghanistan, broken down kind of sales in lumber, Milan, Madrid, London Paris, as well as Buffalo, New York.
We covered the efforts to free Terry Anderson, a journalist from Batavia, who was taken hostage in Lebanon.
Tears in her eyes, she rushed forward to embrace her brother, His sister Peggy they say worked tirelessly for his release. The State Department has been ... that Cynthia Dwyer is being held captive in
Iran. And we reported on the Odyssey of Cynthia Dwyer of Buffalo when she was taken hostage in Iran and falsely accused of being a spy.
Revolutionary Guard in Tehran today tried on espionage charges. 49 year old Cynthia Dwyer, freelance writer from Buffalo, New York.
The first thing I did when I got here. It's just my wife. Because we are from Baltimore. And we talk about
whenever there was a big story in the world. We used to say I bet there's a Buffalo connection and more times than not there seem to be some weird, unique connection to Buffalo.
But perhaps there is no connection more compelling than the story of Anne Odre, the Buffalo woman who was shot along with Pope John Paul the second during an attempt on the Pope's life, the bullet went through the Pope's intestine that bullet then went through Anne Odre's chest.
Don Postles was on a plane to Rome that night, and interviewed and Odre at her hospital bedside.
Anne Odre says Tom Postle's -- someone from Buffalo cares about me. I am surrounded by these doctors and nurses. No one speaks English. I have been wounded. The Pope felt very badly that she had to suffer pain for a bullet that was intended for him. The two became very, very good friends.
John Paul, the second would invite Buffalo News teams and delegations for private audiences with him throughout his reign as Pope
We had just covered solidarity struggle for freedom in Poland and met up with lekhpal Windsor, who would later become Poland's president. Pope John Paul. The second is ties to the western New York Polish community dated back to his days as a cardinal that ties ran so deep that Western New Yorkers had a front row seat to his installation. Channel Four retired photographer Mike Pompeo a senior just days before he turned 100 years old. remembers that moment, like it was yesterday.
And I was lucky enough to be about three or four feet away from him for 20 minutes or so. I recognized that this was history that I was fortunate enough to have the privilege of being a part of that.
Mike Burnbrae senior son Mike Jr. would cover the Pope's return to Poland in 1999 where he again singled out Western New Yorkers for special blessings.
You know, having this archival footage available to the public when they read about John Paul the second or study him in school or just have an interest in the man. If that archive is preserved, they could easily access it and see it from a perspective of a Buffalo audience.
The people in Buffalo are genuine. The history is captivating, and there is a passion to preserve that history for all time and all future generations.
A time when Buffalo was bested by a blizzard.
The Buffalo broadcasters archive project has gotten the attention of the nation's top Moving Image Archivists. For years they have been trying to convince the local television stations to share their archival collections with the communities they serve.
The stories that we tell about the country about the world start at the local level, start at the regional level and seeing all of those pieces come together help us build that big picture.
Buffalo teachers are now viewing a small portion of the restored collection, including a special showcase on the role western New York played in the civil rights movement. So they can build lesson players based on real life events as they unfold as a teaching tool. It's fantastic that has a direct connection to our actual curriculum and content.
Not only globally but locally in Buffalo buildings are looking at history from primary sources, firsthand sources nothing's greater than a lot of videos that we have seen here.
This is being done for the entire community and future generations. And anybody who can click a button and open a whole new world of buffalo history.
The Buffalo story much like the story of our nation is filled with great expectations, great sacrifices, major defeats and major victories. As broadcast journalists who witnessed many of these extraordinary events. We can now share this living chronicle of buffalo history. Perhaps these teachable moments will help new generations chart new paths to future success. To quote the late Bishop William Henderson. If I don't know where I came from, where I'm going
I'm Rich Newburg thank you for joining us as we continue on this historic journey
The birth of the civil rights movement. I began in the 1960s, It began here in Niagara about 100 years ago.
The place where the movement for Environmental Justice found his voice
Scream and holler and be heard.
The gateway to the West that once fueled the nation's economy, and now gives new life to the place where it all started.
I've been here 50 years. It's the first time that people are optimistic.
The Buffalo story comes to life when viewed through the lens of local television news. That cameras have been rolling for three quarters of a century. But there is a problem. We are in danger of actually losing this living chronicle of our history. The reels of news film, and the 1000s of videotapes that hold the images of our story are deteriorating.
This is really the beginning of discovery for us. You've invented a giant time capsule. For all intents and purposes. WIVB was the first station to work with the buffalo Broadcasters Association and efforts to rescue our moving image history and make it available to new generations so they can learn some valuable lessons from our past
What is going to happen to 15 percent unemployment in general area?
We are video archive where the video Memory Keepers. Nobody else has that and if we don't do something about it, it's lost.
Other stations have now joined the mission. It is a massive effort that keeps our history alive. My hope is that you will see the value and all of this as we've used some of the big stories out of buffalo in western New York that made a difference.
For now, perhaps more than ever, our resilience is being put to the test as we emerge from the global pandemic and confront the social issues that have been tearing us apart. It may very well be the lessons of the Buffalo story that bring us all together again.
We know that we're oppressed. We know that this is a system that oppresses us
As an African American, individual, black female, I do understand why some protesters may feel that they're still or we, as black people are still oppressed because to some extent, we are
We Shall overcome some day..
And professionally I think the Buffalo Police Department has done a great job with working with the community trying to hear the voice of the community. I know the mayor has appointed a commission to examine police policies.
We honor your right to protest and we will protect your right to protest but there is no place for agitators who are trying to incite violence and create mischief in our community.
Frustrations over racial injustice and excessive use of force by the police have played out violently on Buffalo streets before. And it is because we have these moving images. This incredible window to the past that we are able to question just how far we've come during the past half century
While I was growing up. The police officer was the enemy of the occupying force.
After witnessing the beating of an innocent black youth in Buffalo during a rock throwing incident in the late 60s, John Eberhard decided to take the police exam as an act of self defense
I joined the police department to protect myself from the police
More than 20 years after the riots of the 60s, Buffalo citizens were still demonstrating against alleged police brutality aimed at people of color
On my face was South Africa, United States or my face was South Africa and what's going on all over the world.
Just about two weeks after the hearing in Buffalo, Archbishop Desmond Tutu of South Africa visited the Queen City asking for support in his fight against the official separation of the races in his country. And we say something that can allow such things to happen. is easy.
And he spoke against those who advocate for violence to achieve their goal of white supremacy.
You know what's happened in your own country, to people who have been involved in the Civil Rights Movement. What's happened to people like Martin Luther King Jr.
Archbishop Tutu his visit also put the spotlight on Buffalo's marginalized inner city where civil rights leaders were worried about a permanent underclass of citizens due to institutional racism.
Racism is still alive and well, but the problem has mushroomed considerably, much larger than it was in 1968 for our community.
This Buffalo rally against racism in January of 1981 drew national attention about 500 demonstrators confronted white supremacists who threatened to disrupt the city. Only two white supremacists showed up.
We put him down, we put the Nazis and the klan down. We have a first round
It was a time when 1000s of people from all backgrounds united together in Buffalo, another time of crisis when black men were being gunned down by Joseph Christopher, the so called 22 caliber killer who is still at large. The statement behind the rally was profound.
That violence against any one segment of the population is violence against all.
While trying to drink from a whites only water fountain during a trip down south Don Dawkins was yanked away by his fearful mother when he was just a child. He became a TV news photographer at WIVB and was determined to use his skills in Buffalo to confront the reality of racism. Dawn passed away in 2007, but was successful in highlighting the lives of African Americans in Buffalo who made great contributions to the civil rights movement.
A lot of these stories emanating from predominantly communities of color were negative. And so don wanted to share positive stories he used to tell me we've done some we've done good stuff, but it's stories aren't told.
Dawkins created a series of Black History specials, even making cameo appearances as an enslaved man seeking refuge in what was the Michigan Street Baptist Church built by African Americans in Buffalo?
The church's hidden treasure that these school children are about to discover is beyond a wall in the basement. A dark damp, chilling glimpse into the past a sanctuary within a sanctuary away from the gaze of bounty hunters. That was a false wall that you could move and push them in there and then move the wall
Black young people do not know where they came from. If I don't know where I came from. Well my god..
thanks to WIVBS willingness to make these stories available to students. Buffalo school children are learning where they came from, and about those giants of the civil rights movement, present and past who made history in Western New York.
History is coming alive in a way that no textbook could express.
I'm looking for this woman.
I want you to think of a character trait that you might be able to describe Harriet and all her accomplishments
She really cared and was confident of risking her life after even if there was after
her.
Maybe a little hard for her because she had to weed all one people out of the slavery and she didn't want to get caught by boundary.
They are even learning that some of Harriet Tubman descendants settled in Buffalo
Growing up. The only people who really knew about Harriet Tubman was her family
..That we live in a place where such as mark of history, what was
They are particularly intrigued by the story of Arthur Eve, as they watch W IVB News Highlights of his life
..That people of goodwill will vote for candidate regardless of race color upgrade.
The fierce advocate for civil rights to become Buffalo's first African American having served as New York deputy assembly speaker and negotiate who tries to avoid bloodshed during the Attica prison uprising of 1971.
He did not succeed in those efforts, but never gave up the fight for racial justice and equality. What kind of character traits might you say that Mr. Eve portrays?
He was determined to end segregation and, and the other one that was that he was a leader because he led the civil rights movement.
So imagine their excitement when they actually met a living legend of the civil rights movement, who also happens to be their school's namesake. They will never forget these observations from our theory, after he looked into their faces, to see hope. Hope.
Absolutely.
We will get
No question in my mind that we keep working hard, we will succeed.
People who cannot remember their past are condemned to repeat it. We're not going back that way. We did.
This defining moment. Change has come to America. This is history.
No words in describing this journey. You don't know the feeling that I have at this moment and being a part of this from the very beginning and being here tonight to know that the next president of these United States will be rock Obama, the first African American I want to be remembered as a caregiver as a wise old man full of love and hospitality.
Julie was stillborn. My child may be a direct result to the chemicals. Please don't allow this to happen anyone else before you get them out?
Scream and holler and be heard
This is what Love Canal looks like today. A vast and desolate fenced in the area. Those of us who covered the Love Canal disaster for our western New York television viewers knew the story would have a ripple effect because of what it revealed about toxic contamination. It became what prosecutors called a national symbol for corporate irresponsibility. Long before TV news cameras were around an entrepreneur named William love broke ground for a canal in 1894. It was about seven miles from Niagara Falls. He planned to divert one from the mighty Niagara River to help power a modern industrial city that he and his investors hope to create. The project never happened. The giant ditch that Mr. Love created just became a dumping ground for 20,000 tons of toxic chemical waste from the auto chemical and plastics Corporation and the US military. In 1953, hooker sold the property to the Niagara Falls School District for $1. homes and schools were built on the site of that toxic burial ground. And then chemicals began surfacing into people's homes and the property around them and there was a terrible human price to be paid. I lost me what was even one an extraordinary has stillborn. Her son is sick this person's child is sick. How many kids have to be sick how many buckets have to die? We're not going to let it happen.
Michael Brown, a rookie reporter for the Niagara Gazette wrote his story after going door to door in the Love Canal neighborhood in 1978.
In case after case, door after door house after house I you know people were telling me litany of different problems whether it's was miscarriages or or, or cancers that they thought were peculiar. So this became a journalistic obsession of mine.
Like when you started talking about 99th grade elementary school is when it clicked for me because my son who was perfectly healthy is one years old when we moved into our Love Canal home. Since the time we moved there, kept getting sicker and sicker and sicker.
What do you do for my kid? What are you gonna do?
A leader of the homeowners emerge. Lois skins
I can't see anything going on in the state of New York it is more important that these people lie.
The state of New York initially announced it would evacuate only pregnant women and children under two who lived closest to the dumpsite. What do you do? I got my three year old back to back now.
When Niagara County lawmakers would not support the relocation of residence. Lewis Gibbs lashed out as our cameras were rolling .
The media especially television is so important that it is the platform the bully pulpit, if you will, in which you can not only get your message out, but you can also provide the pressure on those who need to be pressured to do the right thing.
The discovery of dioxins one of the most lethal chemicals ever created by humans and us to defoliate the jungles of Vietnam during the war, raised fears to a new level. The United States only knew what was in that canal and still they let their children go to that school. They let citizens build homes over here if I remember being in the White House, where the army came in full dress and said no sir, we did not dump there. And they lied to the White House representatives that was fascinating to me was the fact that when they dropped the drum in there and they would open up it was like a machine that you know you know the flames fire everything went to near
I said this created a fantastic uproar and a lot more national publicity.
On October 4 1979, actress and activist Jane Fonda and husband Tom hay, paid a visit to the Love Canal neighbor to lend their support.
This is a tragedy of such immense human proportions that it's very difficult to tell talk. We've had a short bus ride where we have an opportunity to talk to some of the people in some detail about what they've gone through the children they've lost the miscarriages, the husbands, they've lost their lives in the torment.. it's unbelievable. Because it happens in America today.
Jane Fonda coming brought that media attention in which we could say President Carter you got to do the right thing. With buffalo television news cameras rolling. Lois Gibbs made it clear that Love Canal residents were making their case directly to the White House.
You have to keep the pressure on President Carter. We have to create more pressure than the Cubans coming in on Florida. Then the fall people and I found it. They demanded a federal buyer of their homes.
I'm 65 years old almost. I'm sick and tired of being a yo yo Oh this way. That way. Oh the other way. Why don't you get a hold on where you're pulling me down the road. All I want. I want I don't want to be relocated. All I want is my 28 Five and give it to me tonight and road and I'll never look back at the Love Canal again.
May 16 1980 Rare chromosomal damage is found in a sampling of Love Canal residents.
We found two particular characteristics in this study, which are ominous
I just want to get my kids away from your work in the factories out in the first year or maybe they can have a decent life. I don't know. My son's probably already permanently damaged.
That was the straw that broke the camel's back.
The fact that we now know that the chemicals are in the home that they got into the people and they caused chromosome damage in the people indicates that miscarriages and the birth defects and cancer is a result of living in this neighborhood.
We have got abnormalities in our chromosomes and we've known it all along that on our street alone. There has been already eight cases of cancer on a 15 How street may 19 1982. EPA officials are held hostage for six hours if we do not have a disaster declaration Wednesday by now then what they have seen here today is just a Sesame Street picnic.
Two days later, President Jimmy Carter declared the Love Canal neighborhood a national emergency and agreed to evacuate all Love Canal families and on October 1 1980, President Carter came to Niagara Falls to announce that all the Love Canal families who wish to leave their homes would be provided the money to permanently relocate.
There's really no way to make adequate restitution for that kind of suffering. But this agreement will at least give the founders of the area some 750 of them the financial freedom to pack up and leave if they choose to do so.
The President singled out the woman he called the grassroots leader of the Love Canal residents lowest good for special recognition without her impassioned advocacy and dedication. There might have never been a love for now emergency declaration and this agreement might never have come to pass. There must never be in our country. Another Love Canal. Our Love Canal. Mr. President, what can I say?
New York we love you today.
When people are right in people peacefully demonstrate and speak truth to power. That's how democracy works. And then we got what we need. I believe that every American has a fundamental right to breathe clean air and clean water. I know that we haven't fulfilled that. fulfilling this basic obligation all Americans especially low income, white, black, brown and Native American communities. It's not going to be easy but it's absolutely necessary.
Fandemonium?
It's phenomenal It's pandemonium. It's fantastic. All those things that we will take our grave with us is the times that stripping our heart going to the Super Bowl I'm gonna see my Bills
Jackie Walker covered all four consecutive Super Bowls for the fans back home.
And I was able to bring the viewers the excitement, the experience, the sights, the smells. The stories of people who have to the car without a ticket and just drove to the Super Bowl city. fire the shot heard
round the world now on the way
Though the bills came up short each time as painful as it was, the fans show great pride and unwavering support for the team. I cried after that feel that message later. This treasured piece of video history. illustrating the undying dedication of the NFL is greatest fans was resurrected when the bills made another run for the Super Bowl in 2020.
Intercepted by Derek Johnson and he breaks it out and is still on the run. He may go all the way he's in the Baltimore 40 to 30 gets a block at the 25.
It time to put history into perspective. The moving images from three decades ago had to be rescued from the tape archives before they were lost forever. videotapes have a limited shelf life and their contents must be digitally saved in order to survive.
It is crashing if you want to tell a story. And you can't find that historical footage. The record on buffalo is a gateway for the product of the entire Great Lakes region which are sent to the eastern part of the United States.
This 1948 documentary was rescued from the central library in Buffalo. It gives us a glimpse into our post war status as an industrial powerhouse of buffalo provide part of the steel which is a basic material for our country's industries. At its peak, Bethlehem Steel employed 22,000 workers.
By 1962 This plant was pumping out six and a half million tons of steel. My first big assignment was to do a story on the history of Bethlehem Steel, and what it meant to Buffalo. It was part of the DNA of buffalo
but the plant that put generations of Western New Yorkers to work suffered catastrophic layoffs in the summer of 1977 3500 jobs
..will be eliminated at Bethlehem Steel in Lackawanna
Plant profits had plummeted, and Lackawanna became a city of rusted dreams, two days after Christmas 1982 Bethlehem Steel announced it would stop making steel in Lackawanna. This is a sad day for the Lackawanna plant. And for the people who have worked here what has happened to the one strong industrial base here in Western New York.
And the question most steel workers are asking tonight, what will happen to me it's hard to believe when they told me I wouldn't I wouldn't stake my life on it that they wouldn't do it.
What are your feelings say You know, you only got a few more days to go.
I feel bad about it. Take my livelihood. If you didn't live through it, never understand the impact that the closure of the steel mills and other types of blue collar industries had on this community and created a psychological impact that it took decades for this community to get on.
A billboard reading well the last worker out of Western New York, please turn out the light came to symbolize a region in serious economic decline.
It would be years before buffalo turned to its greatest resource for three birth, the waterfront, rebuilding the Inner Harbor based on the theme of the legendary Erie Canal which once served as the nation's gateway to the West.
This incredible rebranding of Buffalo, based on its storied waterfront history was recorded in its entirety and featured in WI VB documentaries, which are now available to the public through the Buffalo and Erie County Public Library website. We are approaching the 200 year anniversary of the Erie Canal in 2025.
What really makes us special is our water and our access to the water and formed us. We lost access to it during the industrial period. We're finding it again.
And as we rediscover the history of one of the world's toughest and most colorful waterfronts were the Erie Canal hooked up with Lake Erie. We are learning more about the men who scooped grain out of the giant freighters. The late Mayor Jimmy Griffin was one of them.
You had to dust and the dust was tough but we were talking about you had to wear the mask. It's tough breathing with the mask. Well we go to lunch we go to a gym and most of the time and we get so we used to say don't wild a dust or Washington dust. You know, the more we know our history, the better citizens we're going to be because we're going to care more. So that's where we get these teachable moments.
They can be iconic moments like this at a precise turning point in our own local history. One generation built the Erie Canal. Another generation buried it in a new generation. This generation. Read Now Kate's this project to the future of buffalo in Western New York.
Hello, Buffalo I met as you may remember me as televisions is no nonsense news director Luke grant. If you think about it, journalists provide us with our first draft of history. Right here in Buffalo, more than 15 years of TV news coverage is being brought back to life.
Local stations are working with the Buffalo Broadcasters Association to bring back the stories that helped define the Niagara Frontier.
The fast lane neighborhood drifts reached to the rooftops it's called the archive project. And I supported with all my heart Sophie. can teach it can illuminate even a challenging time. Today is our way of thanking our heroes from Western New York. For the service they dedicated their lifestyles to protect us serve our country. keep our country free.
I can do so only to the extent that humans are determined to use it to those.
Remember, those are not here. That's a while remember most otherwise it's nothing but wires and lights in a box.
As the Buffalo Broadcasters Association moves forward, trying to rescue our local TV news, film and videotape before it's too late. A bigger picture emerges of decades of local television coverage that would have made Morrow proud.
Terrorists can destroy steel in concrete, but they cannot destroy our spirit. Buffalo televisions extraordinary potential to teach, illuminate and inspire stems in part from the depth of coverage of its news teams.
We knew that staying home just wasn't an option. group of us felt we had to go there and we had to go there now. So we got there as quick as we possibly could.
From the buffalo response to 911 To the families who lost loved ones in a plane crash in clouds and worked so hard to strengthen FAA regulations...
We chased the buffalo story wherever it took us, including the Persian Gulf, covering our Air Force reservists out of Niagara Falls as they prepare for the first Gulf War.
We have the best the best mission liability record in the Middle East for all the C 130s. There are over here.
There was one mission in western New York that simply could not fail finding a way to pump 600,000 gallons of high level radioactive waste at West Valley out of underground holding tanks with a limited shelf life. West Valley is about 30 miles south of Buffalo and the health and safety of everyone in the region was at stake, some 600,000 gallons of lethally radioactive liquid waste that must be disposed of a biotechnology that has never been developed.
The mission was successful. Scientists and engineers found a way to turn the dangerous liquid waste into a glass like solid for safer storage. Environmental activists were able to stop more nuclear waste from coming into what had become a radioactive waste dump site.
You got to stop this madness that's going on in our town.
We will go to the courts. We will go to Congress not just once but over and over and over
Will the latest weapon in the war against cancer bring hope to patients for whom other treatments fail the story tonight on the CBS Evening News with Dan Rather.
In this footage rescued from the archives, the nation learned about the breakthrough cancer therapy developed by Buffalo researcher Dr. Thomas Doherty. We made the journey to China and Japan with him as he shared his method for shrinking tumors we can
It would ultimately destroy the cancer and not irreversibly harm the normal tissue either around it or nearby.
That same year, we covered Holocaust survivors from Buffalo joining 1000s of fellow survivors and their loved ones at a historic gathering in the nation's capitol.
A year later, Tibor Baranski of Buffalo was honored as one of the Righteous Among the Nations. He helped save 1000s of Jewish lives while working with Christian groups in Hungary during the Holocaust.
Evil is not all powerful, it is possible to break it for one human being to stand up is broken.
We were horrified to learn that a western New Yorker Timothy McVeigh was the Oklahoma City bomber, who blew up the Murray Federal Building, killing 168 people and injuring hundreds more.
Every where you went. in Oklahoma City. There was someone standing on a street corner weeping, weeping.
What they were going through was pure hell.
Former web news photographer Tom Vetter, covered the story in Oklahoma City with Jackie Walker and gotten to know Tim McVeigh's father Bill,
All the sudden he's thrust into the international spotlight as having a son as a terrorist. And he used to say to us all the time, to me, he's just Timmy he's my son. That's probably think about when he was a kid.
Timothy paid for his crime with his life and how shocking was it to learn that six young Yemeni Americans from Lackawanna were charged with providing material support to al Qaeda after attending terrorist training camp in Afghanistan, broken down kind of sales in lumber, Milan, Madrid, London Paris, as well as Buffalo, New York.
We covered the efforts to free Terry Anderson, a journalist from Batavia, who was taken hostage in Lebanon.
Tears in her eyes, she rushed forward to embrace her brother, His sister Peggy they say worked tirelessly for his release. The State Department has been ... that Cynthia Dwyer is being held captive in
Iran. And we reported on the Odyssey of Cynthia Dwyer of Buffalo when she was taken hostage in Iran and falsely accused of being a spy.
Revolutionary Guard in Tehran today tried on espionage charges. 49 year old Cynthia Dwyer, freelance writer from Buffalo, New York.
The first thing I did when I got here. It's just my wife. Because we are from Baltimore. And we talk about
whenever there was a big story in the world. We used to say I bet there's a Buffalo connection and more times than not there seem to be some weird, unique connection to Buffalo.
But perhaps there is no connection more compelling than the story of Anne Odre, the Buffalo woman who was shot along with Pope John Paul the second during an attempt on the Pope's life, the bullet went through the Pope's intestine that bullet then went through Anne Odre's chest.
Don Postles was on a plane to Rome that night, and interviewed and Odre at her hospital bedside.
Anne Odre says Tom Postle's -- someone from Buffalo cares about me. I am surrounded by these doctors and nurses. No one speaks English. I have been wounded. The Pope felt very badly that she had to suffer pain for a bullet that was intended for him. The two became very, very good friends.
John Paul, the second would invite Buffalo News teams and delegations for private audiences with him throughout his reign as Pope
We had just covered solidarity struggle for freedom in Poland and met up with lekhpal Windsor, who would later become Poland's president. Pope John Paul. The second is ties to the western New York Polish community dated back to his days as a cardinal that ties ran so deep that Western New Yorkers had a front row seat to his installation. Channel Four retired photographer Mike Pompeo a senior just days before he turned 100 years old. remembers that moment, like it was yesterday.
And I was lucky enough to be about three or four feet away from him for 20 minutes or so. I recognized that this was history that I was fortunate enough to have the privilege of being a part of that.
Mike Burnbrae senior son Mike Jr. would cover the Pope's return to Poland in 1999 where he again singled out Western New Yorkers for special blessings.
You know, having this archival footage available to the public when they read about John Paul the second or study him in school or just have an interest in the man. If that archive is preserved, they could easily access it and see it from a perspective of a Buffalo audience.
The people in Buffalo are genuine. The history is captivating, and there is a passion to preserve that history for all time and all future generations.
A time when Buffalo was bested by a blizzard.
The Buffalo broadcasters archive project has gotten the attention of the nation's top Moving Image Archivists. For years they have been trying to convince the local television stations to share their archival collections with the communities they serve.
The stories that we tell about the country about the world start at the local level, start at the regional level and seeing all of those pieces come together help us build that big picture.
Buffalo teachers are now viewing a small portion of the restored collection, including a special showcase on the role western New York played in the civil rights movement. So they can build lesson players based on real life events as they unfold as a teaching tool. It's fantastic that has a direct connection to our actual curriculum and content.
Not only globally but locally in Buffalo buildings are looking at history from primary sources, firsthand sources nothing's greater than a lot of videos that we have seen here.
This is being done for the entire community and future generations. And anybody who can click a button and open a whole new world of buffalo history.
The Buffalo story much like the story of our nation is filled with great expectations, great sacrifices, major defeats and major victories. As broadcast journalists who witnessed many of these extraordinary events. We can now share this living chronicle of buffalo history. Perhaps these teachable moments will help new generations chart new paths to future success. To quote the late Bishop William Henderson. If I don't know where I came from, where I'm going
I'm Rich Newburg thank you for joining us as we continue on this historic journey
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